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NeShellRedirection Shell之重定向

一、概念

1.1 重定向

Linux中万物皆文件，可以是屏幕，也可以是文件；重定向即数据流向的改变。

  • 输入重定向：<
  • 输出重定向：> (>> 表示追加)
命令 说明
command > file 将输出重定向到file
command < file 将输入重定向到file
command >> file 将输出以追加的方式重定向到file
n > file 将文件描述符为 n 的文件重定向到file
n >> file 将文件描述符为 n 的文件以追加的方式重定向到file
n >& m 将输出文件m 和 n 合并
n <& m 将输入文件m 和 n 合并
<< tag 将开始标记tag 和结束标记tag 之间的内容作为输入

image

1.2 文件描述符

  • 标准输入standard input 0 (默认设备键盘) stdin 对应/dev/stdin
  • 标准输出standard output 1 (默认设备显示器) stdout 对应/dev/stdout
  • 错误输出：error output 2 (默认设备显示器) stderr 对应/dev/stderr

实操：
image

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