Let's make it simple, "The process of maintaining the desired state of any application is called Configuration Management".
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In this user will write the desired state of the application.
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Scripts are declarative not procedural.
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The major purpose is to maintain desired state of the application.
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It has an important feature know as idempotence (No matter how many time you will run the script result will be same).
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Configuration management tools:
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Ansible
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Chef
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Puppet
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