Watson APIs Java SDK
Java client library to use the Watson APIs.
Table of Contents
- Before you begin
- Installation
- Usage
- Running in IBM Cloud
- Authentication
- IBM Watson Services
- Android
- Configuring the HTTP client
- Default headers
- Sending request headers
- Parsing HTTP response info
- Specifying a service URL
- 401 unauthorized error
- Changes for v4.0
- Debug
- Eclipse and Intellij
- License
- Contributing
Before you begin
- You need an IBM Cloud account.
Installation
Maven
All the services:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.ibm.watson.developer_cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>java-sdk</artifactId>
<version>6.7.0</version>
</dependency>
Only Discovery:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.ibm.watson.developer_cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>discovery</artifactId>
<version>6.7.0</version>
</dependency>
Gradle
All the services:
'com.ibm.watson.developer_cloud:java-sdk:6.7.0'
Only Assistant:
'com.ibm.watson.developer_cloud:assistant:6.7.0'
Development snapshots
Snapshots of the development version are available in Sonatype's snapshots repository.
Gradle
Add repository to your project Gradle file
allprojects {
repositories {
maven { url "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots" }
}
}
And then reference the snapshot version on your app module gradle Only Speech to Text:
'com.ibm.watson.developer_cloud:speech-to-text:6.7.1-SNAPSHOT'
JAR
Download the jar with dependencies here.
Now, you are ready to see some examples.
Usage
The examples within each service assume that you already have service credentials. If not, you will have to create a service in IBM Cloud.
If you are running your application in IBM Cloud (or other platforms based on Cloud Foundry), you don't need to specify the
credentials; the library will get them for you by looking at the VCAP_SERVICES
environment variable.
Running in IBM Cloud
When running in IBM Cloud (or other platforms based on Cloud Foundry), the library will automatically get the credentials from VCAP_SERVICES
.
If you have more than one plan, you can use CredentialUtils
to get the service credentials for an specific plan.
Authentication
Watson services are migrating to token-based Identity and Access Management (IAM) authentication.
- With some service instances, you authenticate to the API by using IAM.
- In other instances, you authenticate by providing the username and password for the service instance.
- Visual Recognition uses a form of API key only with instances created before May 23, 2018. Newer instances of Visual Recognition use IAM.
Note: Previously, it was possible to authenticate using a token in a header called X-Watson-Authorization-Token
. This method is deprecated. The token continues to work with Cloud Foundry services, but is not supported for services that use Identity and Access Management (IAM) authentication. See here for details.
Getting credentials
To find out which authentication to use, view the service credentials. You find the service credentials for authentication the same way for all Watson services:
- Go to the IBM Cloud Dashboard page.
- Either click an existing Watson service instance or click Create resource > AI and create a service instance.
- Copy the
url
and eitherapikey
orusername
andpassword
. Click Show if the credentials are masked.
In your code, you can use these values in the service constructor or with a method call after instantiating your service.
IAM
Some services use token-based Identity and Access Management (IAM) authentication. IAM authentication uses a service API key to get an access token that is passed with the call. Access tokens are valid for approximately one hour and must be regenerated.
You supply either an IAM service API key or an access token:
- Use the API key to have the SDK manage the lifecycle of the access token. The SDK requests an access token, ensures that the access token is valid, and refreshes it if necessary.
- Use the access token if you want to manage the lifecycle yourself. For details, see Authenticating with IAM tokens. If you want to switch to API key, override your stored IAM credentials with an IAM API key. Then call the
setIamCredentials()
method again.
Supplying the IAM API key
// in the constructor, letting the SDK manage the IAM token
IamOptions options = new IamOptions.Builder()
.apiKey("<iam_api_key>")
.url("<iam_url>") // optional - the default value is https://iam.bluemix.net/identity/token
.build();
Discovery service = new Discovery("2017-11-07", options);
// after instantiation, letting the SDK manage the IAM token
Discovery service = new Discovery("2017-11-07");
IamOptions options = new IamOptions.Builder()
.apiKey("<iam_api_key>")
.build();
service.setIamCredentials(options);
Supplying the access token
// in the constructor, assuming control of managing IAM token
IamOptions options = new IamOptions.Builder()
.accessToken("<access_token>")
.build();
Discovery service = new Discovery("2017-11-07", options);
// after instantiation, assuming control of managing IAM token
Discovery service = new Discovery("2017-11-07");
IamOptions options = new IamOptions.Builder()
.accessToken("<access_token>")
.build();
service.setIamCredentials(options);
Username and password
// in the constructor
Discovery service = new Discovery("2017-11-07", "<username>", "<password>");
// after instantiation
Discovery service = new Discovery("2017-11-07");
service.setUsernameAndPassword("<username>", "<password>");
API key
Important: This type of authentication works only with Visual Recognition instances created before May 23, 2018. Newer instances of Visual Recognition use IAM.
// in the constructor
VisualRecognition service = new VisualRecognition("2016-05-20", "<api_key>");
// after instantiation
VisualRecognition service = new VisualRecognition("2016-05-20");
service.setApiKey("<api_key>");
Android
The Android SDK utilizes the Java SDK while making some Android-specific additions. This repository can be found here. It depends on OkHttp and gson.
Configuring the HTTP client
The HTTP client can be configured by using the configureClient()
method on your service object, passing in an HttpConfigOptions
object. Currently, the following options are supported:
- Disabling SSL verification (only do this if you really mean to!)
โ ๏ธ - Using a proxy (more info here: OkHTTPClient Proxy authentication how to?)
Here's an example of setting both of the above:
Discovery service = new Discovery("2017-11-07");
// setting configuration options
HttpConfigOptions options = new HttpConfigOptions.Builder()
.disableSslVerification(true)
.proxy(new Proxy(Proxy.Type.HTTP, new InetSocketAddress("proxyHost", 8080)))
.build();
service.configureClient(options);
Sending request headers
Custom headers can be passed with any request. To do so, add the header to the ServiceCall
object before executing the request. For example, this is what it looks like to send the header Custom-Header
along with a call to the Watson Assistant service:
WorkspaceCollection workspaces = service.listWorkspaces()
.addHeader("Custom-Header", "custom_value")
.execute();
Parsing HTTP response info
The basic execute()
, enqueue()
, and rx()
methods make HTTP requests to your Watson service and return models based on the requested endpoint. If you would like access to some HTTP response information along with the response model, you can use the more detailed versions of those three methods: executeWithDetails()
, enqueueWithDetails()
, and rxWithDetails()
. To capture the responses, use the new Response<T>
class, with T
being the expected response model.
Here is an example of calling the Watson Assistant listWorkspaces()
method and parsing its response model as well as the response headers:
Response<WorkspaceCollection> response = service.listWorkspaces().executeWithDetails();
// getting result equivalent to execute()
WorkspaceCollection workspaces = response.getResult();
// getting returned HTTP headers
Headers responseHeaders = response.getHeaders();
Note that when using enqueueWithDetails()
, you must also implement the new ServiceCallbackWithDetails
interface. For example:
service.listWorkspaces().enqueueWithDetails(new ServiceCallbackWithDetails<WorkspaceCollection>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Response<WorkspaceCollection> response) {
WorkspaceCollection workspaces = response.getResult();
Headers responseHeaders = response.getHeaders();
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Exception e) { }
});
Default headers
Default headers can be specified at any time by using the setDefaultHeaders(Map<String, String> headers)
method.
The example below sends the X-Watson-Learning-Opt-Out
header in every request preventing Watson from using the payload to improve the service.
PersonalityInsights service = new PersonalityInsights("2016-10-19");
Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
headers.put(HttpHeaders.X_WATSON_LEARNING_OPT_OUT, "true");
service.setDefaultHeaders(headers);
// All the api calls from now on will send the default headers
Specifying a service URL
You can set the correct API endpoint for your service calling setEndPoint()
.
For example, if you have the Discovery service in Germany, the endpoint may be https://gateway-fra.watsonplatform.net/discovery/api
.
You will need to call
Discovery service = new Discovery("2017-11-07");
service.sentEndPoint("https://gateway-fra.watsonplatform.net/discovery/api")
401 unauthorized error
Make sure you are using the service credentials and not your IBM Cloud account/password.
Check the API endpoint, you may need to update the default using setEndPoint()
.
Changes for v4.0
Version 4.0 focuses on the move to programmatically-generated code for many of the services. See the changelog for the details. This version also includes many breaking changes as a result of standardizing behavior across the new generated services. Full details on migration from previous versions can be found here.
Debug
HTTP requests can be logged by adding a logging.properties
file to your classpath.
handlers=java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level=FINE
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter=java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter
java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter.format=%1$tb %1$td, %1$tY %1$tl:%1$tM:%1$tS %1$Tp %2$s %4$s: %5$s%n
.level=SEVERE
# HTTP Logging - Basic
com.ibm.watson.developer_cloud.util.HttpLogging.level=INFO
The configuration above will log only the URL and query parameters for each request.
For example:
Mar 30, 2017 7:31:22 PM okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
INFO: --> POST https://gateway.watsonplatform.net/tradeoff-analytics/api/v1/dilemmas?generate_visualization=false http/1.1 (923-byte body)
Mar 30, 2017 7:31:22 PM okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
INFO: <-- 200 OK https://gateway.watsonplatform.net/tradeoff-analytics/api/v1/dilemmas?generate_visualization=false (104ms, unknown-length body)
Mar 30, 2017 7:31:23 PM okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
INFO: --> POST https://gateway.watsonplatform.net/tradeoff-analytics/api/v1/dilemmas?generate_visualization=true http/1.1 (12398-byte body)
Mar 30, 2017 7:31:35 PM okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
INFO: <-- 200 OK https://gateway.watsonplatform.net/tradeoff-analytics/api/v1/dilemmas?generate_visualization=true (12311ms, unknown-length body)
Warning: The logs generated by this logger when using the level FINE
or ALL
has the potential to leak sensitive information such as "Authorization" or "Cookie" headers and the contents of request and response bodies. This data should only be logged in a controlled way or in a non-production environment.
Build + test
To build and test the project you can use Gradle (version 1.x).
Gradle:
cd java-sdk
gradle jar # build jar file (build/libs/watson-developer-cloud-6.7.0.jar)
gradle test # run tests
gradle check # performs quality checks on source files and generates reports
gradle testReport # run tests and generate the aggregated test report (build/reports/allTests)
gradle codeCoverageReport # run tests and generate the code coverage report (build/reports/jacoco)
Working with Eclipse and Intellij IDEA
If you want to work on the code in an IDE instead of a text editor you can easily create project files with gradle:
gradle idea # Intellij IDEA
gradle eclipse # Eclipse
Open source @ IBM
Find more open source projects on the IBM Github Page
License
This library is licensed under Apache 2.0. Full license text is available in LICENSE.
Contributing
See CONTRIBUTING.md.
Code of conduct
See CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md.
Other
If you are having difficulties using the APIs or you have a question about the IBM Watson Services, please ask a question on dW Answers or Stack Overflow.