• Control System: This basically means that Git is a content tracker. So Git can be used to store content — it is mostly used to store code due to the other features it provides

• Version Control System: The code which is stored in Git keeps changing as more code is added. Also, many developers can add code in parallel. So Version Control System helps in handling this by maintaining a history of what changes have happened. Also, Git provides features like branches and merges, which I will be covering later.

• Distributed Version Control System: Git has a remote repository which is stored in a server and a local repository which is stored in the computer of each developer This means that the code is not just stored in a central server, but the full copy of the code is present in all the developers’ computers. Git is a Distributed Version Control System since the code is present in every developer’s computer. I will explain the concept of remote and local repositories later in this article.

• Why a Version Control System like Git is needed: Real life projects generally have multiple developers working in parallel. So a version control system like Git is needed to ensure there are no code conflicts between the developers. Additionally, the requirements in such projects change often. So a version control system allows developers to revert and go back to an older version of the code. Finally, sometimes several projects which are being run in parallel involve the same codebase. In such a case, the concept of branching in Git is very important.

In this video we introduce you to git and github and how it can help you collaborate on software development projects effectively.

In this video we will see :

• What is git why to use it
• Why do we need a version control system
• What is Centralised Version Control System
• What is Distributed Version Control System
• What is Trunk Based Development.

In this first video of Git and GitHub for Poets, we go over the concepts of commits and repositories as well as an overview of the GitHub User Interface

• Install Git on Mac OS X there are several ways to install on a Mac. In fact, if you've installed XCode (or it's Command Line Tools), Git may already be installed. To find out, open a terminal and enter

git --version

• install git on Linux (debian/Ubuntu)

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git

• Installing Git on CentOS

sudo yum -y update
sudo yum install git

• install git on fedora

sudo dnf update
sudo dnf install git

if you have an older version of fedora you can use the yum

sudo yum update
sudo yum install git

• Installing Git on Windows.

For Windows, the official build is available for you to download through the Git website. Clicking here will cause the download to start automatically.

In your computer, create a folder for your project. Let’s call the project folder simple-git-demo. Go into your project folder and add a local Git repository to the project using the following commands:

$ mkdir raja_git
$ cd raja_git
$ git init

• Create a file called raja.txt in the project folder and add the following text into it:

+ initial content 

Committing is the process in which the code is added to the local repository. Before committing the code, it has to be in the staging area. The staging area is there to keep track of all the files which are to be committed. Any file which is not added to the staging area will not be committed. This gives the developer control over which files need to be committed.

• Use the following command for staging the file:

git add raja.txt

In case you want to add multiple files you can use:

+ git add file1 file2 file3

If you want to add all the files inside your project folder to the staging area, use the following command:

$ git add .
- or
$ git add *
- or
$ git add -A
- or 
$ git add -all

“Initial Commit” is the commit message here. Enter a relevant commit message to indicate what code changes were done in that particular commit.

git commit -m "Initial commit"

Use git status to find out information regarding what files are modified and what files are there in the staging area — it shows other information as well, which we can ignore for now.

• Use the following command to see the status:

git status

The status shows that demo.txt is modified and is not yet in the staging area.

Now let us add demo.txt to the staging area and commit it using the following commands:

$ git add demo.txt 
$ git commit -m "demo.txt file is modified"

use git log to print out all the commits which have been done up until now. the command used for this is .

git log

The log shows the author of each commit, the date of the commit, and the commit message.