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冷兵器閱讀摘要
Islamic Arms and Armor: in The Metropolitan Museum of Art
導論敘述大都會兵器館藏歷史、各藏家收藏特色。各單品說明分3部分:
- 外觀描述
- 款識內容翻譯
- 文物背景歷史介紹
Using the point with very curved swords - eg. sabres and tulwars
冷兵器參考資料
http://www.thearma.org/bookreviews.htm#.XHk-dVUzbb1
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978-9-004312-41-8
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Medieval Hand-to-hand Combat (By Keith P. Myers, ARMA DC. Privately published 2002. )
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1-158160-339-8
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1 89144 807 2
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Companion to Medieval Arms and Armor (Edited by David Nicolle. Boydel & Brewer, 2002)
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0 7090 6703 8
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Martial Arts of the World – An Encyclopedia(ABC-CLIO Press, 2001. Tom Green, Editor)
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Sword in Hand – A Brief Survey of the Knightly Sword(Ewart Oakeshott, Arms and Armor Inc., Minneapolis, MN, 2001.)
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European Weapons and Armour – From the Renaissance to the Industrial Revolution(R. E. Oakeshott. (Lutterworth Press, 1980). Boydell reprint 2001)
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1-58160-057-7
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1853673471
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07524 1412 7
影片
- National Geographic Channel's Medieval Fight Book
- Reclaiming the Blade
Youtuber Scholagladiotoria推薦
- 1898113858
The projections on Indian sword pommels
scholagladiatoria Youtube: Asian influence on antique British military swords
scholagladiatoria Youtube: Asian influence on antique British military swords
- 大英帝國於殖民時代接觸許多不同異文化,也影響到兵器的發展。1800年的英國步兵團會軍官雖配有標準規格的劍(spadroon),但許多人因為品味、喜好、或實際戰鬥使用...等因素考量,會另用其他兵器,如騎兵(calvary)使用的軍刀(sabre),因而產生許多非標準(non-regulation)劍。
- 在印度、非洲、阿富汗等地區,因較常需要近距離搏鬥,許多軍官會選擇較堅固且更有競爭力的兵器,印度tulwar就是一例。
- 第1把劍刃部與印度tulwar明顯相似,柄部卻為英國標準長劍型制。第2把劍年代較晚(約1810-1820),柄部是當時典型英國長劍型制(steer up hilt?),但刃部卻與前一把長劍相同,在造型、做工上與印度tulwar柄部相似。第2把劍刃上的fuller(?)/groove設計可減輕刃部重量並增強硬度;刃部上幾個間斷性長方型凹槽(fuller?)為印度/波斯地區長劍特徵。雖然此劍刃部有可能來自印度tulwar,但Eason因為某些未說明的理由認為這把劍應該全屬英國作工,劍鞘亦然。
When The Indian 'Tulwar' Sword Is Not Curved
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mg85gAJOnh4
下面的留言最好也掃一遍
看完《英國人與 tulwar》
我翻譯成中文了: http://blog.psmonkey.org/2019/05/tulwar.html
看完之後請直接 close issue。
當然如果你要比對原文考究我的翻譯有沒有問題,也是非常歡迎,請留 comment 詰譙...... [擺茶點]
Tulwars! The typical Indian sword, famed for its awesome cutting power
- Tulwar基本上就是一種saber,在印度、尼泊爾、阿富汗與現今巴基斯坦等地區相當常見。其刃部與歐洲saber相似,甚至經常直接取用歐洲saber的刃部,如18世紀時拿德國saber刃部改裝,19世紀則拿英國saber並將刃部稍作修改,再將之接上tulwar柄部。
- 影片希望澄清幾個tulwar常見的誤解,在D.A. Kinsley的書中亦有說明相關知識。1. 與歐洲劍相比,tulwar柄部相對短;2.通常會有護手(cross guard),有時雖然有knuckle bow, 但不影響握姿;3. 柄部中段會鼓起,甚至如球狀; 4. 最重要的是柄部頂端的圓碟(disc)設計。
- 與中東地區的shamshir/killick(待查)類似,護手通常扁平,致使握劍時,大拇指可以服貼地靠在護手上,使線條可以齊整(keep the edge aligned?無法理解)。
- 柄部中段隆起處讓手可以握得更緊實。
- 因tulwar柄部實際可以掌握住的長度受制於頂端圓碟,許多人因而推論當時的印度人體型較小。雖然體型較小現象有部分屬實,但多數人是因為營養等其他因素,跟現代人相較之下體型才顯得相對嬌小。此觀點亦使圓碟設計在tulwar上的真正用意被模糊化。它其實是強迫/鼓勵使用者以特定的方式握住柄部。握劍時,若將劍身往前伸(類似歐洲劍的握法),柄部圓碟就會突兀地戳進手掌。正確握法應該是要讓劍身與手臂儘量呈90度/稍大角度,才能在揮劍時讓刃部外側有更多部分讓對手受傷,如:砍斷對手身體部位、造成大面積傷口、大失血...等。
- 因使用方式使然,tulwar的攻擊範圍不像歐洲劍那樣寬廣,需要在較近距離才能攻擊對手。在馬背上使用tulwar時,可將武器推向(push)對手,與歐洲劍插入(thrust)對手的做法類似,只是tulwar會以刃部外側進行攻擊。D.A. Kinsley書中便有提及如何以tulwar取敵人首級。
定義待查
- Wootz
- ricasso
Shamshir: Sabers of Persia, Mughal India and the Arab World
Tulwars/talwars - Indian swords and swordsmanship, part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7BjjtGEvvvo
作業流程變更
- 請將「內文」直接在這個 issue 下頭寫 comment,不要再新開 issue
- 如果後續要修正「內文」,直接修改該 comment,修改完畢之後另外寫一個 dummy comment 讓系統通知我有 update
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