modeloriented / forester Goto Github PK

Perhaps this is linked to #34

I am using the Heart Failure Prediction Dataset (https://www.kaggle.com/fedesoriano/heart-failure-prediction/).

This is my code:

library(forester)
library(tidyverse)
library(here)
library(DALEX) # this is needed for the function model_performance (issue #34)
library(rsample)

df = read.csv(here('heart.csv'))
df_split = initial_split(df)

best_model <- forester(data = training(df_split),
					   data_test = testing(df_split),
                       target = "HeartDisease",
                       type = "classification",
					   metric = "precision",
                       tune = FALSE)

This is the output:

__________________________
FORESTER
Original shape of train data frame: 688 rows, 12 columns
_____________
NA values
There is no NA values in your data.
__________________________
CREATING MODELS
--- Ranger model has been created ---
Parameter 'cat_features' is meaningless because column types are taken from data.frame.
Please, convert categorical columns to factors manually.
--- Catboost model has been created ---
--- Xgboost model has been created ---
Warning in (function (params = list(), data, nrounds = 100L, valids = list(),  :
  lgb.train: Found the following passed through '...': learning_rate, objective. These will be used, but in future releases of lightgbm, this warning will become an error. Add these to 'params' instead. See ?lgb.train for documentation on how to call this function.
--- LightGBM model has been created ---
__________________________
COMPARISON
Results of compared models:


model       precision      recall          f1    accuracy         auc
---------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
Ranger      1.0000000   1.0000000   1.0000000   1.0000000   1.0000000
XGboost     0.9870466   0.9921875   0.9896104   0.9883721   0.9878701
Catboost    0.9740260   0.9765625   0.9752926   0.9723837   0.9718339
LightGBM    0.9589744   0.9739583   0.9664083   0.9622093   0.9606634
The best model based on precision metric is Ranger.

So, according to forester the ranger model is perfect. Obviously, if I compute the metrics on the testing dataset I get normal values (<1). What is happening here?

The output of the train() function should have its own class in addition to list and the print.___output_class__() function should be overloaded to print some kind of summary (a few best models, their performance etc.)

devtools::install_github("ModelOriented/forester") Downloading GitHub repo ModelOriented/forester@HEAD Error: Failed to install 'forester' from GitHub: Multiple results for CXX11FLAGS found, something is wrong.FALSE

sessionInfo()
R version 4.1.2 (2021-11-01)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
Running under: Windows 10 x64 (build 19043)

The following code snippet in a fresh R and RStudio installation with all forester dependencies in.
library(forester)
data("apartments", package = 'DALEX')
best_model <- forester(data = apartments,
target = "m2.price",
type = "regression",
metric = "rmse",
tune = FALSE)

Returns:
CREATING MODELS
--- Ranger model has been created ---
Parameter 'cat_features' is meaningless because column types are taken from data.frame.
Please, convert categorical columns to factors manually.
--- Catboost model has been created ---
--- Xgboost model has been created ---
--- LightGBM model has been created ---

COMPARISON
Error in update_data(m, data_test[, -which(names(data_test) == target)], :
could not find function "update_data"

(An unmatched left parenthesis creates an unresolved tension that will stay with you all day.

apartments_test <- apartments_test[ ,!(colnames(apartments_test) %in% "m2.price"]

Target labels are strings converted to factors, but predictions are numeric - 1 and 2

check_data is executed in train and there is no parameter that can disable the execution of this function if it has already been executed before.

Predictive values and performance measures can be provided by default for also train set.

For a big dataset (114000 observations and 21 columns), I get the following error when using the check_data function:

Error in table(x, y) : attempt to make a table with >= 2^31 elements
In addition: Warning message:
Number of logged events: 1 

with following traceback:

> traceback()
8: stop("attempt to make a table with >= 2^31 elements")
7: table(x, y)
6: chisq.test(x, y, correct = FALSE, ...)
5: withCallingHandlers(expr, warning = function(w) if (inherits(w, 
       classes)) tryInvokeRestart("muffleWarning"))
4: suppressWarnings(chisq.test(x, y, correct = FALSE, ...)$statistic)
3: rcompanion::cramerV(fct_tbl[, i], fct_tbl[, j])
2: check_cor(df, y, verbose)
1: check_data(songs, "popularity", verbose = TRUE)

The used dataset: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/maharshipandya/-spotify-tracks-dataset

forester.R line 87
if (class(is_available_ranger) == "try-error") {

returns the following error

Error in if (class(is_available_ranger) == "try-error") { : 
  the condition has length > 1

b/c

make_ranger.R line 166
class(ranger_explained) <- c("forester_model", "explainer")

this appears to apply to other models (xgboost, lightgbm, catboost) as well

@Szmajasz hi Szymon, from line 66 to 126 in function make_catboost.R
` # Creating validation set in ratio 4:1
splited_data <- split_data(data, target, type)
data <- splited_data[[1]]
data_val <- splited_data[[2]]

# Creating pool objects for catboost 
categorical <- which(sapply(data, is.factor))
cat_data <- catboost::catboost.load_pool(data[, -which(names(data) == target), drop = FALSE],
                                         data[, target], cat_features = categorical)

cat_data_val <- catboost::catboost.load_pool(data_val[, -which(names(data_val) == target), drop = FALSE],
                                             data_val[, target], cat_features = categorical)

### Preparing tuning function 
catboost_tune_fun <- function(iterations, depth, learning_rate, random_strength, bagging_temperature, border_count, l2_leaf_reg){
  # Model for evaluating hyperparameters
  catboost_tune <- catboost::catboost.train(cat_data,
                                            params = list(verbose = 0,
                                                          iterations = iterations,
                                                          depth = depth,
                                                          learning_rate = learning_rate,
                                                          random_strength = random_strength,
                                                          bagging_temperature = bagging_temperature,
                                                          border_count = border_count,
                                                          l2_leaf_reg = l2_leaf_reg))
  
  # Evaluating model
  predicted <- catboost::catboost.predict(catboost_tune, cat_data_val)
  if (type == "classification"){
    predicted <- ifelse(predicted >= 0.5, 1, 0)
  }
  score <- desc * calculate_metric(tune_metric, predicted, data_val[[target]])
  
  list(Score = score, Pred = predicted)
}

### Tuning process
message("--- Starting tuning process")
tuned_catboost <- rBayesianOptimization::BayesianOptimization(catboost_tune_fun,
                                       bounds = list(iterations = c(10L, 1000L),
                                                     depth = c(1L, 8L),
                                                     learning_rate = c(0.01, 1.0),
                                                     random_strength = c(1e-9, 10),
                                                     bagging_temperature = c(0.0, 1.0),
                                                     border_count = c(1L, 255L),
                                                     l2_leaf_reg = c(2L, 30L)),
                                       init_grid_dt = NULL,
                                       init_points = 10,
                                       n_iter = tune_iter,
                                       acq = "ucb",
                                       kappa = 2.576,
                                       eps = 0.0,
                                       verbose = TRUE)

# Best hyperparameters
catboost_params <- append(tuned_catboost$Best_Par, list(verbose = 0))

# Creating final model 
cat_model <- catboost::catboost.train(cat_data, params = catboost_params)

}`
We used Bayesian Optimization to find most optimal tuple of hyperparameters. But I found that, we split the data into data and data_val, after finding optimal HP, we should train the model again on the original data_train to prevent data loss. I just think of combining those two structures: cat_data and cat_data_val from your code, but I don't know specifically whether it would be fine. It's much better if we can combine those two cat_data and cat_data_val instead of creating new variable.

When installing,catboost wasn't found. Maybe add this step into the README file? O remove from Imports.

Installing package into ‘/Users/bernardolares/Library/R/4.0/library’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
ERROR: dependency ‘catboost’ is not available for package ‘forester’
* removing ‘/Users/bernardolares/Library/R/4.0/library/forester’
Warning message:
In i.p(...) :
  installation of package ‘/var/folders/3w/x0bjsdv52v3b3kjbw87y3wfw0000gn/T//Rtmp2QFGHc/file24981fb7f433/forester_1.0.0.tar.gz’ had non-zero exit status

Related to #65

I found information that Spearman correlation coefficient is used for numerical variables and Cramer's V for categorical ones. It would be nice to be able to set different methods for correlation analysis (as function defined by user or at least the name of the implemented method).

PS You have a typo in documentation for check_cor. I believe it should be Cramer's V instead of Crammer V there.

Windows 10, R v4.1, forester v1.0.0 (fresh install - newest dependencies)

Error message:

Error in GP_deviance(beta = row, X = X, Y = Y, nug_thres = nug_thres,  : 
  Infinite values of the Deviance Function, 
            unable to find optimum parameters 

Code:

load(file = "dane_short_nefro.rda")
df_raw <- dane_short
colnames(df_raw)
colnames(df_raw) <- c("aki", "covid_goraczka", "covid_oddechowe", "covid_pokarmowy",
                      "covid_neurologiczne", "nadcisnienie", "cukrzyca", "miazdzyca_serca",
                      "hiperlipidemia", "kreatynina", "mioglobina", "aki_wywiad", 
                      "respirator", "pchn")

table(df_raw$aki_wywiad)
table(df_raw$aki, df_raw$aki_wywiad)

df <- df_raw[df_raw$aki_wywiad == 0, colnames(df_raw) != "aki_wywiad"]
dim(df)
table(df$aki)


library(forester)
set.seed(123)
# df$aki <- factor(df$aki) ## without this returns an error
best_model <- forester(
  data = df, 
  target = "aki", 
  type = "classification",
  metric = "precision", 
  tune = TRUE
)

@lhthien09 has the data.

This seems kinda important: only best_model is returned without knowing for which train:test split.

Hi, great package but
`library(forester)
library(DALEX)

data("titanic", package = 'DALEX')
check_conditions(data = "titanic", target = "survived", type = "classification")
Error in check_conditions(data = "titanic", target = "survived", type = "classification") :
could not find function "check_conditions"`

sessionInfo()
R version 4.1.1 (2021-08-10)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
Running under: Windows 10 x64 (build 19043)

Matrix products: default

locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=Russian_Russia.1251 LC_CTYPE=Russian_Russia.1251 LC_MONETARY=Russian_Russia.1251
[4] LC_NUMERIC=C LC_TIME=Russian_Russia.1251

attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base

other attached packages:
[1] DALEX_2.3.0 forester_1.0.0

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] Rcpp_1.0.7 lubridate_1.8.0 lattice_0.20-44
[4] tidyr_1.1.4 listenv_0.8.0 prettyunits_1.1.1
[7] class_7.3-19 assertthat_0.2.1 digest_0.6.28
[10] ipred_0.9-12 foreach_1.5.1 utf8_1.2.2
[13] parallelly_1.28.1 ranger_0.13.1 R6_2.5.1
[16] highr_0.9 ggplot2_3.3.5 pillar_1.6.4
[19] rlang_0.4.12 progress_1.2.2 rstudioapi_0.13
[22] data.table_1.14.2 rpart_4.1-15 Matrix_1.3-4
[25] labeling_0.4.2 splines_4.1.1 gower_0.2.2
[28] htmlwidgets_1.5.4 r2d3_0.2.5 munsell_0.5.0
[31] xfun_0.27 compiler_4.1.1 pkgconfig_2.0.3
[34] htmltools_0.5.2 globals_0.14.0 nnet_7.3-16
[37] tidyselect_1.1.1 tibble_3.1.5 prodlim_2019.11.13
[40] modelStudio_3.0.0 codetools_0.2-18 GPfit_1.0-8
[43] catboost_0.26.1 lightgbm_3.3.0 fansi_0.5.0
[46] future_1.22.1 crayon_1.4.1 dplyr_1.0.7
[49] withr_2.4.2 MASS_7.3-54 recipes_0.1.17
[52] grid_4.1.1 jsonlite_1.7.2 gtable_0.3.0
[55] lifecycle_1.0.1 DBI_1.1.1 magrittr_2.0.1
[58] scales_1.1.1 future.apply_1.8.1 farver_2.1.0
[61] iBreakDown_2.0.1 timeDate_3043.102 ellipsis_0.3.2
[64] lhs_1.1.3 generics_0.1.1 vctrs_0.3.8
[67] xgboost_1.4.1.1 lava_1.6.10 iterators_1.0.13
[70] tools_4.1.1 glue_1.4.2 purrr_0.3.4
[73] hms_1.1.1 ingredients_2.2.0 rsconnect_0.8.24
[76] yaml_2.2.1 fastmap_1.1.0 parallel_4.1.1
[79] survival_3.2-13 colorspace_2.0-2 knitr_1.36
[82] rBayesianOptimization_1.2.0

It would be helpful to return the estimated probability values by forester. Thus, performance metrics based on probability values can also be used.

For binary classification problems, forester automatically converts the response variable to 0-1 values. In some cases, forester may label 0-1 values in the original data in the opposite way. Here the user can be provided with an option to control this.

I use a factor-encoded target variable with "0"/"1" and this type of coercion looks weird:

'CHECK DATA REPORT' from check_data would be more readable if successive checks were highlighted with colored marks depending on the result (e.g., red 'X', green tick).

Result list could report performance on train/test/valid data subsets for the user to know

• I didn't find information about what threshold is used to consider the correlation strong.
• Output of the check_data function doesn't contain information on what correlation coefficient is calculated - I found answer in documentation for check_cor function but it would be useful to know this information from 'CHECK DATA REPORT'.

Hello,
congratulations on developing this package.
is there any way to run in parallel? my database is very big and I need to use many cores..
thanks

The forester() returns only predictive values and performance measures for the best performing model. It can do this optionally for other models. In this way, users may use these for comparison studies.

Maybe titanic is too small for good hp tuning or some artifact from stochastic fitting, but tune=TRUE was quite expensive for generally worse precision.

## tune = FALSE
R> best_model <- forester(data = titanic, target = "survived", type = "classification",
+                        metric = "precision", tune = FALSE)
...
model       precision   recall       f1   accuracy      auc
---------  ----------  -------  -------  ---------  -------
LightGBM       0.8275   0.9433   0.8816     0.8284   0.7654
XGboost        0.8252   0.9600   0.8875     0.8352   0.7667
Catboost       0.8182   0.9600   0.8834     0.8284   0.7562
Ranger         0.8079   0.9533   0.8746     0.8149   0.7389

## tune = TRUE (default tune_iter=20)
R> best_model2 <- forester(data = titanic, target = "survived", type = "classification",
+                        metric = "precision", tune = TRUE)
...
model       precision   recall       f1   accuracy      auc
---------  ----------  -------  -------  ---------  -------
LightGBM       0.8140   0.8900   0.8503     0.7878   0.7317
XGboost        0.8125   0.9100   0.8585     0.7968   0.7347
Catboost       0.8088   0.9167   0.8594     0.7968   0.7311
Ranger         0.8088   0.9167   0.8594     0.7968   0.7311

## double/triple checking tune=FALSE
R> suppressMessages(forester(data = titanic, target = "survived", type = "classification",
+                           metric = "precision", tune = FALSE))
model       precision   recall       f1   accuracy      auc
---------  ----------  -------  -------  ---------  -------
LightGBM       0.8174   0.9400   0.8744     0.8172   0.7497
Catboost       0.8121   0.9367   0.8700     0.8104   0.7411
Ranger         0.8040   0.9433   0.8681     0.8059   0.7304
XGboost        0.7989   0.9267   0.8580     0.7923   0.7186

## and again
model       precision   recall       f1   accuracy      auc
---------  ----------  -------  -------  ---------  -------
LightGBM       0.8163   0.9333   0.8709     0.8126   0.7464
XGboost        0.8132   0.9433   0.8735     0.8149   0.7444
Catboost       0.8109   0.9433   0.8721     0.8126   0.7409
Ranger         0.7877   0.9400   0.8571     0.7878   0.7043

I have following error

library(DALEX)
library(forester)
output1 <- train(data = titanic_imputed,
                 y = 'survived',
                 bayes_iter = 0,
                 verbose = TRUE,
                 random_iter = 5)

results in

Error in xgb.iter.update(bst$handle, dtrain, iteration - 1, obj) : 
  [14:39:04] amalgamation/../src/objective/regression_obj.cu:138: label must be in [0,1] for logistic regression
Stack trace:
  [bt] (0) 1   xgboost.so                          0x00000001153eeff4 dmlc::LogMessageFatal::~LogMessageFatal() + 116
  [bt] (1) 2   xgboost.so                          0x000000011550ccb4 xgboost::obj::RegLossObj<xgboost::obj::LogisticClassification>::GetGradient(xgboost::HostDeviceVector<float> const&, xgboost::MetaInfo const&, int, xgboost::HostDeviceVector<xgboost::detail::GradientPairInternal<float> >*) + 660
  [bt] (2) 3   xgboost.so                          0x00000001154c5514 xgboost::LearnerImpl::UpdateOneIter(int, std::__1::shared_ptr<xgboost::DMatrix>) + 788
  [bt] (3) 4   xgboost.so                          0x0000000115488f2c XGBoosterUpdateOneIter + 140
  [bt] (4) 5   xgboost.so                          0x00000001153eb8c3 XGBoosterUpdateOneIter_R + 67
  [bt] (5) 6   libR.dylib                          0x000000010b4a5f52 R_doDotCall + 1458
  [bt
In addition: Warning message:
In storage.mode(data) <- "double" : NAs introduced by coercion

and here is traceback

> traceback()
5: xgb.iter.update(bst$handle, dtrain, iteration - 1, obj)
4: xgb.train(params, dtrain, nrounds, watchlist, verbose = verbose, 
       print_every_n = print_every_n, early_stopping_rounds = early_stopping_rounds, 
       maximize = maximize, save_period = save_period, save_name = save_name, 
       xgb_model = xgb_model, callbacks = callbacks, ...)
3: xgboost::xgboost(data$xgboost_data, as.vector(data$ranger_data[[y]] - 
       1), objective = "binary:logistic", nrounds = 20, verbose = 0)
2: train_models(train_data, y, engine, type)
1: train(data = titanic_imputed, y = "survived", bayes_iter = 0, 
       verbose = TRUE, random_iter = 5)

Please let me know if I can use the titanic imputed_data with forester

column with sd = 0 throws error when put into the check_data() function .

Possibly it is checked later, but this throws an error for calculating correlation

perhaps a new parameter in the train() function?

for useful backtracking in fixes and features, e.g. in DALEX or modelStudio

After training models, {forester} couldn't find function model_performance(), which is later used to display a table of performance comparison over different metrics.

Hi! Testing with the titanic example on README, I'm getting the following error:

Error in update_data(m, data_test[, -which(names(data_test) == target)],  : 
  could not find function "update_data"

Result of

predict_new(train_out = output2,
            data = new_lisbon)

is list of vectors but it is not clear if this is models x obs or obs x models

maybe named list will solve this problem?

e.g. I didn't have catboost installed (it is not available on CRAN) and forester() returned an error after tuning ranger.

strange formatting for

report(train_output = output1,
       output_file  = 'hands_on_report')

for some reason there is no table, just a column

Running the following example from the README.md causes the session to abort:

library(forester)

data("titanic", package = 'DALEX')
best_model <- forester(data = titanic, target = "survived", type = "classification", metric = "precision", tune = FALSE)

Forester proceeds with the first steps creating Ranger, XgBoost, and Catboost models then aborts the session.

My sessionInfo:

R version 4.1.1 (2021-08-10)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
Running under: Windows 10 x64 (build 19043)

Matrix products: default

locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United Kingdom.1252 LC_CTYPE=English_United Kingdom.1252
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_United Kingdom.1252 LC_NUMERIC=C
[5] LC_TIME=English_United Kingdom.1252

attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] bit_4.0.4 odbc_1.3.2 compiler_4.1.1 ellipsis_0.3.2 generics_0.1.0 hms_1.1.0
[7] DBI_1.1.1 tools_4.1.1 Rcpp_1.0.7 bit64_4.0.5 lubridate_1.7.10 vctrs_0.3.8
[13] blob_1.2.2 lifecycle_1.0.0 pkgconfig_2.0.3 rlang_0.4.11

The user won't know what is returned by the function.

Value
A list of all necessary objects for other functions.

Hi,

I am testing the forester package as I'm happy to find an automl package that includes a few algos not included in other automl packages. When putting together an RMD to compare performance of forester and h2o automl on the titanic data, I am able to successfully run the forester on the full titanic dataframe as in the documentation. However, if I attempt a train/test split I get the following error:

"Error in check_conditions(data, target, type) : Too few classes for binary classification"

I also get this same error on the wa_churn and mlc_churn dataframes from modeldata even without a train/test split.

Using the same basic code:

library("ROSE")
titanic_under <- ovun.sample(survived ~ . , data = titanic, method = "under")$data %>% convert(fct(survived))

titanic_split <- initial_split(titanic_under, .7, strata = churn)
training <- training(titanic_split)

best_model <- forester(data = training, target = "survived", type = "classification", metric = "f1", tune = TRUE)

&

best_model <- forester(data = wa_churn, target = "churn", type = "classification", metric = "f1", tune = TRUE)

The target in both cases are factors with two levels (titanic is survived = yes/no; wa_churn is churn = yes/no with 7043 rows). I'm not certain what the error message is supposed to be telling me, but seems to suggest a problem with the target factor.

Could you please clarify?

Also, it doesn't appear from the documentation diagram that a test/train split is part of the automl process. I don't see anything else in the documentation about it. Could you clarify that as well?

Many thanks,
Brian

Two mentioned packages from imports aren't on CRAN.
In particular, installing catboost on macOS is quite problematic. 😕
Maybe you could provide a link or installation instructions in readme?

For me, the following code from turned out to be helpful (based on #11):
devtools::install_url('https://github.com/catboost/catboost/releases/download/v1.1.1/catboost-R-Darwin-1.1.1.tgz', INSTALL_opts = c("--no-multiarch", "--no-test-load", "--no-staged-install"))

Perhaps it would also be beneficial to remove catboost from imports and remove it from the engine vector in train function with warning message if user doesn't have package installed. These are just suggestions. Thanks for the cool package!

see

In example
data("apartments", package = 'DALEX') data("apartments_test", package = 'DALEX') catboost <- make_catboost(apartments, "m2.price", "regression", tune = TRUE, metric = "rmse")
should be
catboost <- make_catboost(apartments, "m2.price", "regression", tune = TRUE, tune_metric = "rmse"

How do I save the better model after forester analysis finished to disk so that I can load it at a later time? I'd like to use save() and load() or saveRDS() or readRDS() functions. It is possible?

In my case, I make:

# Build the model pipeline
cc_model_complete <- forester::forester(data = RES_sel_vars,
                           target = "cc",
                           type = "regression")
# COMPARISON
# Results of compared models:
# model            rmse         mse          r2         mad
# ---------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
# Ranger      0.0480812   0.0023118   0.9005513   0.0266172
# Catboost    0.0776190   0.0060247   0.7408305   0.0454772
# XGboost     0.0839399   0.0070459   0.6969006   0.0493881
# LightGBM    0.0928959   0.0086296   0.6287718   0.0540686
# The best model based on rmse metric is Ranger.

and I'd like to save the better model inside the object cc_model_complete.

Thanks in advance,

Alexandre

1. Running your example from your Medium article I receive the error
   "Error in make_ranger(data = data_train, target = "overall", type = "regression", :
   unused argument (label = "Basic Ranger")"
   and the run ceases.

2. Running the following causes an error
   f_model <- forester(data = data_train,
   target = "overall",
   type = "regression")

FORESTER
Original shape of train data frame: 3200 rows, 42 columns

NA values
There is no NA values in your data.

CREATING MODELS
--- Ranger model has been created ---
Error in library.dynam(lib, package, package.lib) :
shared object ‘libcatboostr.so’ not found

Are you able to tell me what I am doing wrong?
Many thanks

(System Software Overview:
System Version: macOS 11.6 (20G165)
Kernel Version: Darwin 20.6.0
Boot Volume: Macintosh HD
Boot Mode: Normal)

In a following example:

library(DALEX)
library(forester)

titanic_imputed$survived <- factor(titanic_imputed$survived)

output2 <- train(data = titanic_imputed,
                 y = 'survived',
                 bayes_iter = 5,
                 engine = c('ranger', 'xgboost', 'decision_tree'),
                 verbose = TRUE,
                 random_iter = 3)

I have following error:

Error in tapply(observed, predicted, sum) : 
  arguments must have same length

with following traceback:

> traceback()
5: stop("arguments must have same length")
4: tapply(observed, predicted, sum)
3: model_performance_auc(predictions[i], observed - 1)
2: score_models(model, predictions, test_data$ranger_data[[y]], 
       type, metrics = metrics, sort_by = sort_by, metric_function = metric_function, 
       metric_function_decreasing = metric_function_decreasing)
1: train(data = titanic_imputed, y = "survived", bayes_iter = 5, 
       engine = c("ranger", "xgboost", "decision_tree"), verbose = TRUE, 
       random_iter = 3)

In README.md the following code throws an error due to the type being set to 'regression' rather than 'classification'

best_model <- forester(data = titanic, target = "survived", type = "regression", metric = "precision", tune = FALSE)

Error:
__________________________ FORESTER Error in check_conditions(data, target, type) : Program is stopped. The class of target column is factor, not appropriate for regression problem

Let the user the options for encoding target column for classification problem

It would be useful to pass a custom metric/tune_metric (R function) to forester() etc. instead of only a predefined character.