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linux-0.11-lab's Introduction

Linux 0.11 Lab

The old Linux kernel source version 0.11 and the integrated experiment environment.

Contents

Introduction

  • Basic information

  • Features

    • compilable with many different versions of Gcc.
    • has been tested under modern Linux, Mac OS X.
    • add bulit-in qemu and bochs support, include running and debugging.
    • integrate different prebuilt rootfs (floopy, ramdisk and harddisk).
    • allow to generate callgraph of every specified function
    • a Dockerfile added to simplify this setup on other systems (e.g. Windows).

Build on Linux

Linux Setup

  • The Linux distributions: debian and ubuntu are recommended

  • Some tools: gcc gdb qemu cscope ctags cflow graphviz

      $ apt-get install vim cscope exuberant-ctags build-essential qemu

  • Use with docker (everything is installed by default for you)

    • Install docker engine (Official doc is here)

            $ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 58118E89F3A912897C070ADBF76221572C52609D
      $ sudo -s
      $ version=`sed -n -e "/main$/p" /etc/apt/sources.list | head -1 | cut -d' ' -f3`
      $ echo "deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-${version} main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
      $ exit
      $ sudo apt-get -y update
      $ sudo apt-get -y install docker-engine
      $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
      $ pkill X

    • Build and Start the service

            $ docker build -t tinylab/linux-0.11-lab ./
      $ CONTAINER_ID=$(docker run -d -p 6080:6080 -v $PWD/:/linux-0.11-lab/ tinylab/linux-0.11-lab)
      $ docker logs $CONTAINER_ID | sed -n 1p
      User: ubuntu Pass: ubuntu

    • Access it via http://localhost:6080/vnc.html Or http://172.17.0.1:6080/vnc.html with 'ubuntu' as password

            $ docker exec $CONTAINER_ID ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr:"
      inet addr:172.17.0.1  Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.0.0

To simplify the above operations, three scripts are added for:

* tools/install-docker-lab.sh: Install docker env of the lab
* tools/run-docker-lab.sh:     Start the lab server with docker
* tools/open-docker-lab.sh:    Open the lab via web browser

Optional (bochs emulator instead of qemu)

$ sudo apt-get install bochs vgabios bochsbios bochs-doc bochs-x libltdl7 bochs-sdl bochs-term
$ sudo apt-get install graphviz cflow

$ make switch       // switch to another emulator, between qemu and bochs
Switch to use emulator: bochs

Hack Linux 0.11 on Linux

$ make help		// get help
$ make  		// compile
$ make start-hd	// boot it on qemu with hard disk image
$ make debug-hd	// debug it via qemu & gdb, you'd start gdb to connect it.

$ gdb images/kernel.sym
(gdb) target remote :1234
(gdb) b main
(gdb) c

$ gdb boot/bootsect.sym  // debug bootsect, step one instruction
(gdb) target remote :1234
(gdb) b _start
(gdb) si

$ gdb boot/setup.sym     // debug setup, similar as above
(gdb) target remote :1234
(gdb) b _start
(gdb) si

Optional

$ echo "add-auto-load-safe-path $PWD/.gdbinit" > ~/.gdbinit  // let gdb auto load the commands in .gdbinit

Build on Mac OS X

Note: A simpler method is use Docker Toolbox with our Dockerfile, see Build on the other systems

Mac OS X Setup

  • Install xcode from "App Store"

  • Install Mac package manage tool: MacPorts from http://www.macports.org/install.php

    • Check your OS X version from "About This Mac", for example, Lion

    • Go to the "Mac OS X Package (.pkg) Installer" part and download the corresponding version

    • Self update MacPorts

            $ xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
      $ sudo port -v selfupdate

  • Install cross compiler gcc and binutils

      $ sudo port install i386-elf-binutils i386-elf-gcc

  • Install qemu

      $ sudo port install qemu

  • Install graphviz and cflow

      $ sudo port install GraphViz
  $ sudo port install cflow

  • Install gdb. 'Cause port doesn't provide i386-elf-gdb, use the pre-compiled tools/mac/gdb.xz or download its source and compile it.

      $ cd tools/mac/ ; tar Jxf gdb.xz

Optional

$ sudo port install cscope
$ sudo port install ctags

$ wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gdb/gdb-7.4.tar.bz2
$ tar -xzvf gdb-7.4.tar.bz2
$ cd gdb-7.4
$ ./configure --target=i386-elf
$ make

Hack Linux 0.11 on Mac

Same as Hack Linux-0.11 on Linux

Build on Other Systems (include Mac OS X, Windows)

If want to use this Lab on the other systems, such as Windows (and even Mac OS X), with the Dockerfile support, everything is simplified.

Only need to install the docker toolbox, which is a lightweight Linux distribution made specifially to run Docker containers, with this tool and our Dockerfile, we can simply build a Linux 0.11 Lab on every system.

Setup with Docker Toolbox and Dockerfile

  • Install Docker Toolbox and boot into it

    please follow Docker Toolbox Installation.

  • Build and Start the service

      $ docker build -t tinylab/linux-0.11-lab ./
  $ CONTAINER_ID=$(docker run -d -p 6080:6080 -v $PWD/:/linux-0.11-lab/ tinylab/linux-0.11-lab)
  $ docker logs $CONTAINER_ID | sed -n 1p
  User: ubuntu Pass: ubuntu

  • Access it via http://localhost:6080/vnc.html Or http://172.17.0.1:6080/vnc.html

      $ docker exec $CONTAINER_ID ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr:"
  inet addr:172.17.0.1  Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.0.0

Hack Linux 0.11 on other systems

Same as Hack Linux-0.11 on Linux

Hack Rootfs

Three different root filesystem images are stored in rootfs/:

  • rootram.img -- RAM image
  • rootimage -- Floppy image
  • hdc-0.11.img-- Harddisk image

Ram image

rootram.img is mountable directly:

$ mkdir /path/to/rootram/
$ sudo mount -o rootfs/rootram.img /path/to/rootram/

Floppy image

rootimage-0.11 is a minix filesystem, must with -t minix obviously:

$ sudo mkdir /path/to/rootimage/
$ sudo mount -t minix rootfs/rootimage-0.11 /path/to/rootimage

Harddisk image

hdc-0.11.img has a partition table, should be mounted with an offset:

$ mkdir /path/to/hdc/
$ fdisk -lu rootfs/hdc-0.11.img
$ fdisk -l rootfs/hdc-0.11.img

Disk rootfs/hdc-0.11.img: 127 MB, 127631360 bytes
16 heads, 38 sectors/track, 410 cylinders, total 249280 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

              Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
rootfs/hdc-0.11.img1               2      124031       62015   81  Minix / old Linux
rootfs/hdc-0.11.img2          124032      248063       62016   81  Minix / old Linux

$ sudo mount -o offset=$((2*512)) rootfs/hdc-0.11.img /path/to/hdc/

Examples

Some examples are stored in examples/ with their own README.md:

  • syscall -- shows how to add a new system call

Changes

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Contributors

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