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Network
- Abstract entity the describes the network in its entirety with all its nodes.
- Servers are broken down into organizations.
- Clients are broken down into apps.
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Organization
- A distinct entity like a company that is operating nodes in the network.
- Broken down into nodes.
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Node
- A collection of services running in the same data center that make a single autonomous node in the network.
- The node can run on a single machine or on multiple machines.
- Organization running multiple nodes should run them on different cloud providers / geographic locations.
- The level of trust internally within a node is higher but not absolute.
- Broken down into services.
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Service
- A backend program implementing a distinct function in the network adhering to a well defined interface.
- Services are polyglots and can each be implemented in a different language or runtime.
- There can be multiple implementations for the same service adhering to an identical interface.
- Services can rely on common libraries to avoid duplicating code.
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App
- A frontend program giving an end-user access to the network.
- All clients are assumed to be light (mobile / web) and access the network through a backend service.
- Apps can rely on common libraries to avoid duplicating code.
- Defined using protocol-buffers version proto3.
- Services communicate internally inside a node using gRPC.
- Nodes do not use gRPC to communicate among themselves externally.
- The external communication protocol of same service peers in different nodes is under the responsibility of the service.
PublicApi- Exposes public web API (such as REST or JSON-RPC) to clients.Gossip- Propagates information between all nodes in an efficient manner.Consensus- Logic for consensus algorithm allowing separate nodes achieve a shared view of the world.TransactionPool- Holds all pending transactions and a knowledge of past confirmed transactions.
VirtualMachine- Owns execution of smart contracts and holds the transient state for a pre-final execution.Processor- The actual runtime environments for a smart contract in various languages (Python / JS / etc).
StateStorage- Holds all state (mutable and immutable) updated for the latest closed block.JournalStorage- Holds incremental long-term storage used to generate the state (all past closed blocks).TimeSync- Synchronizes clocks, required to run on every machine that runs TransactionPool or Consensus.
Crypto- Contains implementations of low-level crypto routines in native (C) with non-native fallbacks.Client- Client SDK for apps to connect end-users to the network through the PublicApi backend service.
| TimeSync | Gossip | Layer IV communications |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Consensus
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VirtualMachine
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Layer III blockchain |
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| JournalStorage | StateStorage | SidechainConnector | Layer II high-level storage |
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| Raw Storage | Other blockchain | Layer I low-level storage |
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