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豆瓣电影爬虫

使用

  • 创建s数据库
    • db.sql
  • 安装依赖
    • pip install -r requirements.txt 或 pipenv install
  • 执行脚本
    • python main.py

思路

  • 调用接口获取全部标签信息，加入标签队列
  • 通过标签队列取出一个标签，爬取该标签下全部电影ID、标题等信息加入电影ID队列
  • 电影ID队列取出电影ID，详情页抓取详情，加入存储队列
  • 存储队列取出电影详情，存入MySQL

三个线程并发执行任务提高采集效率

程序结构图

程序结构图

涉及技术点

  • requests 请求
  • BeautifulSoup 使用 lxml 解析, 解析速度更快，容错率更高
  • 使用 CSS 选择器 选择数据，方便易用
  • 采用 多线程 并发爬取，加快爬取速度
  • 采用 多队列 传递信息，提高并发执行效率
  • 使用 random 处理缺失数据
  • 启动前检查已爬取电影，可断点续传

反爬策略

  • 采用 fake_useragent 随机生成 UA
  • 爬取时休眠 6~8 秒防止请求过快

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