fatmaelhot / iti_redhat Goto Github PK

2-cat: scroll off and display the end of pages more: display output one screen at one time (page by page) 3-rm: to remove files rmdir: to remove directory 4-/home --> mkdir dir1 doc /home/dir1 --> mkdir dir11 dir12

/home/doc --> touch mycv /home/dir1/dir11/ --> touch file1

4-a-rmdir dir11

4-b- rmdir -p

4-c- home ./home

5-cp etc/passwod home/mypasswod

6-mv mypasswd oldpasswd

7-../../home or cd /home or cd ~home or cd-home 8-ls /usr/bin/w*

9-head -n 4 /etc/passwd

10-tail -n 7 /etc/passwd

11- man passwd && cat /etc/passwd

12-man 5 passwd

13-man -K passwd

1-sudo useradd -c "islam asker" -m islam sudo passwd islam

2-sudo useradd -c "Bad User" -m baduser sudo passwd baduser

3-sudo groupadd -g 30000 pgroup

4-sudo groupadd -g 20000 badgroup

5-sudo usermod -aG pgroup islam

6-sudo passwd islam

7-sudo chage -M 30 islam

8-sudo usermod -L baduser

9-sudo userdel -r baduser

10-sudo groupdel baduser

13-mkdir ~/myteam chmod 400 ~/myteam

14-su islam

15-sudo cd ~/myteam

16-1-sudo touch oldpasswd chmod u=rw,g=wx,o=x oldpasswd chmod 711 oldpasswd

16-2-16 -2 Default permissions for files: 666 (rw-rw-rw-) Default permissions for directories: 777 (rwxrwxrwx)

16-3-umask 077 mkdir testdir touch test

1- vi mycv

2- a. Move the cursor down one line at a time:

Press j

b. Move the cursor up one line at a time:

Press k

c. Search for the word "age":

Type /age and press Enter

d. Step to line 5:

Type :5 and press Enter

e. Delete the line you are on and line 5:

Type dd to delete the current line
Type :5 and press Enter to move to line 5
Type dd to delete line 5

f. Step to the end of the line and change to writing mode in one step:

Press $ to move to the end of the line
Press A to enter insert mode at the end of the line

3-cat /etc/shells

4-env

5-printenv

6- echo $HOME

7-echo $SHELL

8-whereis sh whereis ksh whereis bash

9-nano ~/.bashrc echo "Welcome, $(whoami)! Today is $(date)"

10-
enter echo \ and press Enter. The shell sees the backslash as an escape character, so it expects that the command is not complete and waits for more input. The shell shows a continuation prompt, which is often >, indicating that it's waiting for additional input to complete the command.

So, the continuation prompt (>) is telling you that the command you entered is not yet complete, and the shell is waiting for more input.

To change the continuation prompt from > to :, you can use the PS2 variable. This variable controls the secondary prompt (the continuation prompt). You can set it in your shell configuration file, such as ~/.bashrc.

11-alias ls="ls -l"

1-compress file gzip -v file1 zip -v file2

file extention: The compress command uses the .Z file extension for compressed files. The gzip command uses the .gz file extension for compressed files. The zip command creates a zip archive with the specified file(s) and uses the .zip extension.

-gzip is more widely supported and used on various platforms. compress is less common today and may not be available by default on some systems. -gzip has additional features, such as the ability to compress multiple files into a single archive (tar can be used in conjunction with gzip for this purpose).

2-zcat example.txt.gz

3-tar -cvf ~/etc *

4-find ~/ -type f -mtime -2

5-sudo find /etc -type f -user root

6-find ~/ -type d

7- sudo find / -type f -name ".profile"

8- file /etc/passwd file /dev/pts/0 file /etc file /dev/sda

9- ls -i / ls -i /etc ls -i /etc/hosts

10-cp /etc/passwd ~/passwd_backup diff /etc/passwd ~/passwd_backup cmp /etc/passwd ~/passwd_backup

vi ~/passwd_backup diff /etc/passwd ~/passwd_backup cmp /etc/passwd ~/passwd_backup

11-sudo ln -s /etc/passwd /boot/passwd_link ls -l /boot

12- sudo ln /etc/passwd /boot/passwd_link the /boot directory is on a different partition, you'll likely encounter an error message indicating that hard links across file systems are not allowed.

#sed

1-sed 'lp/p' /etc/passwd

2-sed -e '3d' -e '1,$p' /etc/passwd

3-sed -e '$d' -e '1,$p' /etc/passwd

4-sed -e '/lp/d' -e '1,$p' /etc/passwd

5-sed 's/lp/mylp' /etc/passwd

#awk

1-awk -F: '{print $5}' /etc/passwd

2-awk -F: '{print $1,$5,$6}' /etc/passwd

3-awk -F: '{ if($3>500) print $1,$3,$5}' /etc/passwd

4-awk -F: '{ if($3==500) print $1,$3,$5}' /etc/passwd

5-awk -F: '{ if(NR>=5&&NR<=15) print NR,$0}' /etc/passwd

6-awk -F: '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) {if($i=="lp") $i="mylp"} print ;}' file1

7-awk -F: 'BEGIN {max=0} {if ($3>max) {max=$3; maxline=$0}} END{print maxline}' file1

8-awk -F: 'BEGIN {sum=0} {sum+=$3} END {print sum}' file1

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target

reboot .target