xremap is a key remapper for Linux. Unlike xmodmap, it supports app-specific remapping and Wayland.

• Fast - Xremap is written in Rust, which is faster than JIT-less interpreters like Python.

• Cross-platform - Xremap uses evdev and uinput, which works whether you use X11 or Wayland.

• Language-agnostic - The config is JSON-compatible. Generate it from any language, e.g. Ruby, Python.

• You can remap any keys, e.g. Ctrl or CapsLock.
• You can remap any key combination to another, even to a key sequence.
• You can also remap a key sequence as well. You could do something like Emacs's C-x C-c.
• Application-specific remapping. Even if it's not supported by your application, xremap can.

xremap assumes that you can use evdev and uinput without sudo. You can configure it as follows:

sudo gpasswd -a YOUR_USER input
echo 'KERNEL=="uinput", GROUP="input"' | sudo tee /etc/udev/rules.d/input.rules

Then reboot your machine to make sure the udev rule is applied.

After the reboot, download a binary from Releases.

If it doesn't work, please install Rust and run one of the following commands:

# X11
cargo install xremap --features x11

# GNOME Wayland
cargo install xremap --features gnome

# Sway
cargo install xremap --features sway

# Others
cargo install xremap

You may also need to install libx11-dev to run the xremap binary for X11.

Write a config file directly, or generate it with xremap-ruby or xremap-python. Then run:

xremap config.yml

Xremap supports application-specific key remapping.

While Xremap uses evdev and uinput, which is a lower layer than X11 and Wayland, Xremap also uses X11 or Wayland compositor-specific protocols to support application config. If you need this feature, make sure you use the correct binary or --features option, and pay attention to the error messages from xremap.

Your config.yml should look like this:

modmap:
  - name: Except Chrome
    application:
      not: Google-chrome
    remap:
      CapsLock: Esc
keymap:
  - name: Emacs binding
    application:
      only: Slack
    remap:
      C-b: left
      C-f: right
      C-p: up
      C-n: down

See also: example/config.yml

modmap is for key-to-key remapping like xmodmap. Note that remapping a key to a modifier key, e.g. CapsLock to Control_L, is supported only in modmap since keymap handles modifier keys differently.

modmap:
  - name: Name # Required
    remap: # Required
      KEY_XXX: KEY_YYY
    application: # Optional
      not: [Application, ...]
      # or
      only: [Application, ...]

For KEY_XXX and KEY_YYY, use these names. You can skip KEY_ and the name is case-insensitive. So KEY_CAPSLOCK, CAPSLOCK, and CapsLock are the same thing. Some custom aliases like SHIFT_R, CONTROL_L, etc. are provided.

keymap is for remapping a sequence of key combinations to another sequence of key combinations or other actions.

modmap:
  - name: Name # Required
    remap: # Required
      # key press -> key press
      MOD1-KEY_XXX: MOD2-KEY_YYY
      # sequence (MOD1-KEY_XXX, MOD2-KEY_YYY) -> key press (MOD3-KEY_ZZZ)
      MOD1-KEY_XXX:
        remap:
          MOD2-KEY_YYY: MOD3-KEY_ZZZ
      # key press (MOD1-KEY_XXX) -> sequence (MOD2-KEY_YYY, MOD3-KEY_ZZZ)
      MOD1-KEY_XXX: [MOD2-KEY_YYY, MOD3-KEY_ZZZ]
    application: # Optional
      not: [Application, ...]
      # or
      only: [Application, ...]

For KEY_XXX, use these names. You can skip KEY_ and the name is case-insensitive. So KEY_CAPSLOCK, CAPSLOCK, and CapsLock are the same thing.

For the MOD1- part, the following prefixes can be used (also case-insensitive):

• Shift: SHIFT-
• Control: C-, CTRL-, CONTROL-
• Alt: M-, ALT-
• Windows: SUPER-, WIN-, WINDOWS-

You may use multiple prefixes like C-M-Shift-a.

application can be used for both modmap and keymap, which allows you to specify application-specific remapping.

application:
  not: Application
  # or
  not: [Application, ...]
  # or
  only: Application
  # or
  only: [Application, ...]

To check the application names, you can use the following commands:

$ wmctrl -x -l
0x0280000a  0 gnome-terminal-server.Gnome-terminal  ubuntu-focal Terminal
0x02600001  0 nocturn.Nocturn       ubuntu-focal Nocturn

Use the name after . in the third column (WM_CLASS), i.e. Gnome-terminal or Nocturn in the above output.

busctl --user call org.gnome.Shell /org/gnome/Shell org.gnome.Shell Eval s 'global.get_window_actors().map(a => a.get_meta_window().get_wm_class());'

swaymsg -t get_tree

Locate app_id in the output.

The gem is available as open source under the terms of the MIT License.