Boollet is a boolean algebra toolkit for PHP.
- Expression object API
- Expression parser
- Building truth tables
- Complete conjunctive/disjunctive normal form calculation
- Zhegalkin Polynomial calculation
- SAT and UNSAT solvers
- PHP >= 8.1
composer require d3lph1/boolletYou can create either UnaryExpression or BinaryExpression with one or two operands respectively:
use D3lph1\Boollet\Structure\Expression\{Variable, UnaryExpression, BinaryExpression};
use D3lph1\Boollet\Structure\Operator\{UnaryOperators, BinaryOperators};
$expr = new BinaryExpression(
new UnaryExpression(UnaryOperators::NOT, new Variable(false)),
BinaryOperators::AND,
new BinaryExpression(new Variable(true), BinaryOperators::OR, new Variable(false, label: 'Z'))
);
echo $expr; // (!A ⋀ (B ⋁ Z))If there is no label for variable specified, it will be assigned with sequentially autogenerated symbols.
Evaluate the expression with initial variable values:
$val = $expr->evaluate(); // trueEvaluate the expression with overwritten variable values (It can be partially overwritten):
$val = $expr->evaluate(['A' => true, 'B' => true, 'Z' => true]) // falseIn the example above there are only static variable values which could not be changed dynamically without expression reconstructing.
To change value of variable at runtime you should use Variable::set() method. For convenient batch value setup there is ValueBinder class:
use D3lph1\Boollet\ValueBinder;
$a = new Variable(false);
$b = new Variable(true);
$z = new Variable(false, label: 'Z');
$expr = new BinaryExpression(
new UnaryExpression(UnaryOperators::NOT, $a),
BinaryOperators::AND,
new BinaryExpression($b, BinaryOperators::OR, $z)
);
$binder = new ValueBinder();
$binder->bind($a);
$binder->bindAll([$b, $z]);
$binder->set([
'A' => true,
'B' => true,
'Z' => true
])
$expr->evaluate(); // trueFor parsing stringed expressions uses ShuntingYardParser parser implementation. Under the hood it uses Dijkstra's algorithm of the same name.
use D3lph1\Boollet\Parser\{Lexer, Reader\StringInputReader, ShuntingYardParser};
$lexer = Lexer::default();
$input = new StringInputReader('X ⊕ Y → (X ⋀ Z)');
$parser = new ShuntingYardParser($lexer);
$expr = $parser->parse($input);
echo $expr; // ((X ⊕ Y) → (X ⋀ Z))use D3lph1\Boollet\TruthTable;
$table = TruthTable::tabulate($expr);
$table->setLabel('f(X ⊕ Y → (X ⋀ Z))');
echo $table;+---+---+---+--------------------+
| X | Y | Z | f(X ⊕ Y → (X ⋀ Z)) |
+---+---+---+--------------------+
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
+---+---+---+--------------------+
Class NormalForms provides utility methods to find complete conjunctive (or disjunctive ) normal form representations.
use D3lph1\Boollet\NormalForm\NormalForms;
// $expr ~ ((X ⊕ Y) → (X ⋀ Z))
$ccnf = NormalForms::calculateCompleteConjunctive($expr); // ((X ⋁ (!Y ⋁ Z)) ⋀ ((X ⋁ (!Y ⋁ !Z)) ⋀ (!X ⋁ (Y ⋁ Z))))
$cdnf = NormalForms::calculateCompleteDisjunctive($expr); // ((!X ⋀ (!Y ⋀ !Z)) ⋁ ((!X ⋀ (!Y ⋀ Z)) ⋁ ((X ⋀ (!Y ⋀ Z)) ⋁ ((X ⋀ (Y ⋀ !Z)) ⋁ (X ⋀ (Y ⋀ Z))))))For such needs you can use ZhegalkinPolynomial utility class:
use \D3lph1\Boollet\ZhegalkinPolynomial;
// $expr ~ (!X → ((!Y ⊕ X) ⋀ !Z))
$polynomial = ZhegalkinPolynomial::calculate($expr);
echo $polynomial; // ((Z ⋀ (Y ⋀ X)) ⊕ ((Y ⋀ X) ⊕ ((Z ⋀ X) ⊕ ((Z ⋀ Y) ⊕ (Y ⊕ (Z ⊕ 1))))))Boollet provides naive algorithm implementations to solve boolean (un)satisfiability problem.
SAT is the problem of determining if there exists an interpretation that satisfies a given boolean formula (formula becomes
true).
UNSAT is the problem of determining if there exists an interpretation that not satisfies a given boolean formula (formula becomes
false).
CompleteDisjunctiveNormalFormSATSolver works only with expressions in complete disjunctive normal form. Whereas CompleteConjunctiveNormalFormUNSATSolver uses only expressions in complete conjunctive normal form.
The second argument of the method findAllPossibleSolutions() takes an array of variables with respect to which it is required to solve the problem.
Other variables whose labels are not passed to this argument must have values (in the example below y is such variable).
use \D3lph1\Boollet\SAT\CompleteDisjunctiveNormalFormSATSolver;
// $expr ~ X ⋁ (Y ⋀ Z)
$y->set(false);
$cdnf = NormalForms::calculateCompleteDisjunctive($expr);
$sat = new CompleteDisjunctiveNormalFormSATSolver();
$solutions = $sat->findAllPossibleSolutions($cdnf, ['X', 'Z']);
$solutions = $sat->findAllPossibleSolutions($cdnf, ['X', 'Z']);$solutions will look like this:
^ array:2 [▼
0 => array:2 [▼
"X" => true
"Z" => false
]
1 => array:2 [▼
"X" => true
"Z" => true
]
]To conveniently define results constraints, you can use findAllPossibleSolutionsWithConstraints():
use D3lph1\Boollet\Constraints\Constraints;
$solutions = $sat->findAllPossibleSolutionsWithConstraints($cdnf, ['X', 'Z'], new class() implements Constraints {
public function isSatisfy(array $values): bool
{
return $values['X'];
}
});$solutions will look like this:
^ array:1 [▼
0 => array:2 [▼
"X" => true
"Z" => false
]
]This code is published under the MIT license. This means you can do almost anything with it, as long as the copyright notice and the accompanying license file is left intact.
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