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View Code? Open in Web Editor NEWFreshyCalls tries to make the use of syscalls comfortable and simple, without generating too much boilerplate and in modern C++17!
License: Mozilla Public License 2.0
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NtCreateThreadEx Not Working with Error Code 0xc0000005
Enviroment:
OS Name: Microsoft Windows 11 Home
OS Version: 10.0.22000 N/A Build 22000
Toolchain: Visual Studio 2019 MSVC with c++20 standard and x64 MT runtime
It's not working with following code to invoke NtCreateThreadEx .
But it works fine With HellsGate technique.
I want to learn deeply here Why it doesn't work just like HellsGate.
int FreshyCall(void *buffer, size_t size) {
using namespace std;
NTSTATUS status = 0x00000000;
// buffer is some sort of shellcode complied by nasm with x64 bin mode , which will pop up a messagebox.
// Its size is around 400 Bytes.
// size is the size of buffer.
// char buffer [] = "\x90\x90\x90\x90\xcc\xcc\xcc\xcc\xc3 .... ";
// Allocate memory for the shellcode
PVOID lpAddress = NULL;
size_t sDataSize = size;
HANDLE ProcessHandle = (HANDLE)-1 ;
//HANDLE ProcessHandle = GetCurrentProcess();
try {
auto &syscall = freshycalls::Syscall::get_instance();
syscall
.CallSyscall("NtAllocateVirtualMemory", ProcessHandle, &lpAddress,
0,
&sDataSize, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE)
.OrDie("[NtAllocateVirtualMemory] Error:"
"Msg: \"{{result_msg}}\" (Error Code: "
"{{result_as_hex}})");
VxMoveMemory(lpAddress, buffer, size);
ULONG ulOldProtect = 0;
syscall
.CallSyscall("NtProtectVirtualMemory", ProcessHandle, &lpAddress,
&sDataSize, PAGE_EXECUTE_READ, &ulOldProtect)
.OrDie("[NtProtectVirtualMemory] Error:"
"Msg: \"{{result_msg}}\" (Error Code: "
"{{result_as_hex}})");
//it works fine here to invoke the shellcode in place
// using func_t = void(*)();
// auto func = (func_t)(lpAddress);
// func();
HANDLE hHostThread = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
syscall
.CallSyscall("NtCreateThreadEx", &hHostThread, THREAD_ALL_ACCESS,
NULL, ProcessHandle, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)lpAddress,
NULL, FALSE, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL)
.OrDie("[NtCreateThreadEx] Error:"
"Msg: \"{{result_msg}}\" (Error Code: "
"{{result_as_hex}})");
syscall.CallSyscall("NtWaitForSingleObject", hHostThread, TRUE, NULL)
.OrDie("[NtWaitForSingleObject] Error:"
"Msg: \"{{result_msg}}\" (Error Code: "
"{{result_as_hex}})");
} catch (std::exception &e) {
cout << e.what() << endl;
return -1;
}
return 0;
}Thanks.
NtWriteVirtualMemory Partial copied issue
I resolved sry...
VirtualWriteMemory Address Issue when greater than 27352
Hey,
I'm trying to use FreshyCalls to do Process Injection and when the size of data I am trying to write with NtWriteVirtualMemory is greater than 27,352 the syscall returns AccessDenied. I've confirmed it allocates enough memory for this to fit (and double checked via ProcesHacker), so am assuming its an issue within the call trampoline and am not sure how to debug it.
Below is code that can be placed in the POC to replicate the issue.
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
HANDLE process_handle;
HANDLE file_handle;
//const uint32_t process_id = GetPID(argc, argv);
PVOID* mem = NULL;
std::cout << "FreshyCalls' PoC dumper" << std::endl << std::endl;
try {
HANDLE hProcess;
const char* sc = "\xc0\xd3";
// Used in NtAllocateVirtualMemory
SIZE_T fSize = ((sizeof(sc) + 780000 + 0x1000 - 1) & ~(0x1000 - 1));
// Used in NtWriteVirtualMemory, when greater than 27,352 - fails to write
SIZE_T wtf = 27353;
std::cout << "[+] Grabbing handle to process...";
hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION |
PROCESS_VM_OPERATION | PROCESS_VM_WRITE |
PROCESS_VM_READ, FALSE, 11368);
if (hProcess)
std::cout << " OK!" << std::endl;
std::cout << "[+] Trying NtAllocateVirtualMemory...";
syscall.CallSyscall("NtAllocateVirtualMemory", hProcess, &mem, 0, (PULONG)&fSize, MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE)
.OrDie("NtAllocateVirtualMemory: {{result_as_hex}}");
std::cout << " OK!" << std::endl;
std::cout << "[+] Trying NtWriteVirtualMemory...";
syscall.CallSyscall("NtWriteVirtualMemory", hProcess, mem, sc, wtf, NULL)
.OrDie("NtWriteVirtualMemory: {{result_as_hex}}");
std::cout << " OK!" << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::runtime_error &e) {
std::cerr << std::endl << e.what() << std::endl;
exit(-1);
}
return 0;
}
NtCreateThreadEx Not Working with Error Code 0xc0000005
Enviroment:
OS Name: Microsoft Windows 11 Home
OS Version: 10.0.22000 N/A Build 22000
Toolchain: Visual Studio 2019 MSVC with c++20 standard and x64 MT runtime
It's not working with following code to invoke NtCreateThreadEx .
But it works fine With HellsGate technique.
I want to learn deeply here Why it doesn't work just like HellsGate.
int FreshyCall(void *buffer, size_t size) {
using namespace std;
NTSTATUS status = 0x00000000;
// buffer is some sort of shellcode complied by nasm with x64 bin mode , which will pop up a messagebox.
// Its size is around 400 Bytes.
// size is the size of buffer.
// char buffer [] = "\x90\x90\x90\x90\xcc\xcc\xcc\xcc\xc3 .... ";
// Allocate memory for the shellcode
PVOID lpAddress = NULL;
size_t sDataSize = size;
HANDLE ProcessHandle = (HANDLE)-1 ;
//HANDLE ProcessHandle = GetCurrentProcess();
try {
auto &syscall = freshycalls::Syscall::get_instance();
syscall
.CallSyscall("NtAllocateVirtualMemory", ProcessHandle, &lpAddress,
0,
&sDataSize, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE)
.OrDie("[NtAllocateVirtualMemory] Error:"
"Msg: \"{{result_msg}}\" (Error Code: "
"{{result_as_hex}})");
VxMoveMemory(lpAddress, buffer, size);
ULONG ulOldProtect = 0;
syscall
.CallSyscall("NtProtectVirtualMemory", ProcessHandle, &lpAddress,
&sDataSize, PAGE_EXECUTE_READ, &ulOldProtect)
.OrDie("[NtProtectVirtualMemory] Error:"
"Msg: \"{{result_msg}}\" (Error Code: "
"{{result_as_hex}})");
//it works fine here to invoke the shellcode in place
// using func_t = void(*)();
// auto func = (func_t)(lpAddress);
// func();
HANDLE hHostThread = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
syscall
.CallSyscall("NtCreateThreadEx", &hHostThread, THREAD_ALL_ACCESS,
NULL, ProcessHandle, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)lpAddress,
NULL, FALSE, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL)
.OrDie("[NtCreateThreadEx] Error:"
"Msg: \"{{result_msg}}\" (Error Code: "
"{{result_as_hex}})");
syscall.CallSyscall("NtWaitForSingleObject", hHostThread, TRUE, NULL)
.OrDie("[NtWaitForSingleObject] Error:"
"Msg: \"{{result_msg}}\" (Error Code: "
"{{result_as_hex}})");
} catch (std::exception &e) {
cout << e.what() << endl;
return -1;
}
return 0;
}Thanks.
Wrong Syscall number retrieval in WS2012
- OS_VERSION: Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200
While enumerating the Service call numbers at ExtractStubs they seem to be offseted by 1.
This is due to NtGetTickCount being stored as the first RVA in 6.2.9200 ntdll.dll and not making use of a syscall nÂş.
Thus, creating said offset +1:
In recent versions of ntdll.dll this function is, instead, referenced at the end of the EAT.
Bridge between C#
Hey @ElephantSe4l & @jarilaos jarilaos , awesome work!
So I'm trying to create a bridge between FreshyCalls to C# using a DLL, I do not have much experience with C++ and was wondering why the following code does not compile:
// C++ 17 64bit
#include <windows.h>
#include <winternl.h>
#include "syscall/syscall.hpp"
static auto& syscall = freshycalls::Syscall::get_instance();
extern "C" __declspec(dllexport)
HANDLE HelloProcess(uint32_t process_id) {
HANDLE handle{};
OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES obj{};
InitializeObjectAttributes(&obj, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr);
CLIENT_ID client = { reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(static_cast<DWORD_PTR>(process_id)), nullptr };
syscall.CallSyscall("NtOpenProcess",
&handle,
PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS,
&obj,
&client)
.OrDie("[OpenProcess] An error happened while opening the target process: \"{{result_msg}}\" (Error Code: {{result_as_hex}})");
return handle;
}
Any advice or help is more than welcome, thank you!
Kind regards,
Fenny
NtWriteVirtualMemory return STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION
NTSTATUS Status;
LPVOID BasePointer = NULL;
SIZE_T BaseSize = 1024;
char Payload[2048];
memset(Payload, 0, 2048);
Status = syscall.CallSyscall("NtAllocateVirtualMemory", NtCurrentProcess,
&BasePointer, 0, &BaseSize,
MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)
.result;
Status = syscall.CallSyscall("NtWriteVirtualMemory", NtCurrentProcess,
BasePointer, Payload, 1024, nullptr)
.result;
NtWriteVirtualMemory return code is STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION(0xC0000005)
I'm still a beginner, so I don't know why the error occurs and how to debug it...
OS: Windows 11
Arch: x64
Compiler: Visual Studio 2022
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