Conda is a cross-platform, language-agnostic binary package manager. It is the package manager used by Anaconda installations, but it may be used for other systems as well. Conda makes environments first-class citizens, making it easy to create independent environments even for C libraries. Conda is written entirely in Python, and is BSD licensed open source.
Conda is enhanced by organizations, tools, and repositories created and managed by the amazing members of the conda community. Some of them can be found here.
To bootstrap a minimal distribution, use a minimal installer such as Miniconda or Miniforge.
Conda is also included in the Anaconda Distribution.
To update conda to the newest version, use the following command:
$ conda update -n base conda
Tip
It is possible that conda update does not install the newest version
if the existing conda version is far behind the current release.
In this case, updating needs to be done in stages.
For example, to update from conda 4.12 to conda 23.10.0,
conda 22.11.1 needs to be installed first:
$ conda install -n base conda=22.11.1
$ conda update conda
If you install the Anaconda Distribution, you will already have hundreds of packages installed. You can see what packages are installed by running:
$ conda listto see all the packages that are available, use:
$ conda searchand to install a package, use
$ conda install <package-name>The real power of conda comes from its ability to manage environments. In conda, an environment can be thought of as a completely separate installation. Conda installs packages into environments efficiently using hard links by default when it is possible, so environments are space efficient, and take seconds to create.
The default environment, which conda itself is installed into, is called base.
To create another environment, use the conda create command.
For instance, to create an environment with PyTorch, you would run:
$ conda create --name ml-project pytorchThis creates an environment called ml-project with the latest version of PyTorch, and its dependencies.
We can now activate this environment:
$ conda activate ml-projectThis puts the bin directory of the ml-project environment in the front of the PATH,
and sets it as the default environment for all subsequent conda commands.
To go back to the base environment, use:
$ conda deactivateYou can easily build your own packages for conda, and upload them
to anaconda.org, a free service for hosting
packages for conda, as well as other package managers.
To build a package, create a recipe. Package building documentation is available
here.
See AnacondaRecipes for the recipes that make up the Anaconda Distribution and defaults channel.
Conda-forge and Bioconda are community-driven conda-based distributions.
To upload to anaconda.org, create an account. Then, install the anaconda-client and login:
$ conda install anaconda-client
$ anaconda loginThen, after you build your recipe:
$ conda build <recipe-dir>you will be prompted to upload to anaconda.org.
To add your anaconda.org channel, or other's channels, to conda so
that conda install will find and install their packages, run:
$ conda config --add channels https://conda.anaconda.org/username(replacing username with the username of the person whose channel you want
to add).
Contributions to conda are welcome. See the contributing documentation for instructions on setting up a development environment.
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