Target	Status
ROS Galactic - Ubuntu Focal (OpenJDK)

This is a set of projects (bindings, code generator, examples and more) that enables developers to write ROS 2 applications for the JVM and Android.

Besides this repository itself, there's also:

• https://github.com/ros2-java/ament_java, which adds support for Gradle to Ament
• https://github.com/ros2-java/ament_gradle_plugin, a Gradle plugin that makes it easier to use ROS 2 in Java and Android project. The Gradle plugin can be installed from Gradle Central https://plugins.gradle.org/plugin/org.ros2.tools.gradle
• https://github.com/ros2-java/ros2_java_examples, examples for the Java Runtime Environment
• https://github.com/ros2-java/ros2_android_examples, examples for Android

No, any language that targets the JVM can be used to write ROS 2 applications.

Yep! Make sure to use Fast-RTPS as your DDS vendor and at least this revision.

The current set of features include:

• Generation of all builtin and complex ROS types, including arrays, strings, nested types, constants, etc.
• Support for publishers and subscriptions
• Tunable Quality of Service (e.g. lossy networks, reliable delivery, etc.)
• Clients and services
• Timers
• Composition (i.e. more than one node per process)
• Time handling (system and steady, ROS time not yet supported ros2-java#122)
• Support for Android
• Parameters services and clients (both asynchronous and synchronous)

Note: While the following instructions use a Linux shell the same can be done on other platforms like Windows with slightly adjusted commands.

1. Install ROS 2.

2. Install Java and a JDK.

   On Ubuntu, you can install OpenJDK with:

    sudo apt install default-jdk
   

3. Install Gradle. Make sure you have Gradle 3.2 (or later) installed.

   Ubuntu Bionic or later

    sudo apt install gradle
   

   macOS

    brew install gradle
   

   Note: if run into compatibily issues between gradle 3.x and Java 9, try using Java 8,

    brew tap caskroom/versions
    brew cask install java8
    export JAVA_HOME=/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.8.0.jdk/Contents/Home
   

   Windows

    choco install gradle
   

4. Install build tools:

    sudo apt install curl python3-colcon-common-extensions python3-pip python3-vcstool
   

5. Install Gradle extensions for colcon:

    python3 -m pip install -U git+https://github.com/colcon/colcon-gradle
    python3 -m pip install --no-deps -U git+https://github.com/colcon/colcon-ros-gradle
   

1. Source your ROS 2 installation, for example:

    source /opt/ros/galactic/setup.bash
   

2. Download the ROS 2 Java repositories into a workspace:

    mkdir -p ros2_java_ws/src
    cd ros2_java_ws
    curl -skL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros2-java/ros2_java/main/ros2_java_desktop.repos | vcs import src
   

3. Linux only Install ROS dependencies:

    rosdep install --from-paths src -y -i --skip-keys "ament_tools"
   

4. Build desktop packages:

    colcon build --symlink-install
   

   Note, on Windows we have to use --merge-install

    colcon build --merge-install
   

The Android setup is slightly more complex, you'll need the SDK and NDK installed, and an Android device where you can run the examples.

Make sure to download at least the SDK for Android Lollipop (or greater), the examples require the API level 21 at least and NDK 14.

You may download the Android NDK from the official website, let's assume you've downloaded 16b (the latest stable version as of 2018-04-28) and you unpack it to ~/android_ndk

We'll also need to have the Android SDK installed, for example, in ~/android_sdk and set the ANDROID_HOME environment variable pointing to it.

Although the ros2_java_android.repos file contains all the repositories for the Android bindings to compile, we'll have to disable certain packages (python_cmake_module, rosidl_generator_py, test_msgs) that are included the repositories and that we either don't need or can't cross-compile properly (e.g. the Python generator)

1. Download the Android NDK and set the environment variable ANDROID_NDK to the path where it is extracted.

2. Download the Android SDK and set the environment variable ANDROID_HOME to the path where it is extracted.

3. Clone ROS 2 and ROS 2 Java source code:

    mkdir -p $HOME/ros2_android_ws/src
    cd $HOME/ros2_android_ws
    curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros2-java/ros2_java/main/ros2_java_android.repos | vcs import src
   

4. Set Android build configuration:

    export PYTHON3_EXEC="$( which python3 )"
    export PYTHON3_LIBRARY="$( ${PYTHON3_EXEC} -c 'import os.path; from distutils import sysconfig; print(os.path.realpath(os.path.join(sysconfig.get_config_var("LIBPL"), sysconfig.get_config_var("LDLIBRARY"))))' )"
    export PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR="$( ${PYTHON3_EXEC} -c 'from distutils import sysconfig; print(sysconfig.get_config_var("INCLUDEPY"))' )"
    export ANDROID_ABI=armeabi-v7a
    export ANDROID_NATIVE_API_LEVEL=android-21
    export ANDROID_TOOLCHAIN_NAME=arm-linux-androideabi-clang
   

5. Build (skipping packages that we don't need or can't cross-compile):

    colcon build \
      --packages-ignore cyclonedds rcl_logging_log4cxx rosidl_generator_py \
      --packages-up-to rcljava \
      --cmake-args \
      -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=${PYTHON3_EXEC} \
      -DPYTHON_LIBRARY=${PYTHON3_LIBRARY} \
      -DPYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR=${PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR} \
      -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=${ANDROID_NDK}/build/cmake/android.toolchain.cmake \
      -DANDROID_FUNCTION_LEVEL_LINKING=OFF \
      -DANDROID_NATIVE_API_LEVEL=${ANDROID_NATIVE_API_LEVEL} \
      -DANDROID_TOOLCHAIN_NAME=${ANDROID_TOOLCHAIN_NAME} \
      -DANDROID_STL=c++_shared \
      -DANDROID_ABI=${ANDROID_ABI} \
      -DANDROID_NDK=${ANDROID_NDK} \
      -DTHIRDPARTY=ON \
      -DCOMPILE_EXAMPLES=OFF \
      -DCMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH="${PWD}/install"
   

You can find more information about the Android examples at https://github.com/ros2-java/ros2_android_examples

Contributions are more than welcome! If you'd like to contribute to the project, please read CONTRIBUTING for contributing guidelines.