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dutch-grammar-for-english-speakers's Introduction

Dutch Grammar For English Speakers

These are my dutch grammar notes while I'm learning Dutch. I find it useful for others thus, I've created this repository. I hope that especially expats in Netherlands find this repository useful.

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00 Introduction

This repository consist of several parts regarding to different dutch grammar topics.

I'll update this repository as I progress so please check this repository periodically.

TIP: Please note that it would be better to study this repository in addition with my other dutch language related repositories;

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01 Definitive Articles: De or Het

Before starting more complicated topics in Dutch grammar, you should be aware of the articles. In English, there is only one definitive article, which is: "the". However, unlike in English, there are two definitive articles in Dutch: "het" and "de".

It is very vital to learn the importance of the arctiles in Dutch. In this topic, I'll talk about the definitive articles, also known as "het bepaald lidwoord".

As I stated above, there are two definitive articles in Dutch language: "het" and "de". There is no certain rule about how to predict the articles, whether it is "het" or "de", so you have to learn every noun's article by heart.

In the following topics, I will explain how the articles of the nouns affect the adjectives, pronouns but for now, let's take a quick look to the examples;

article dutch noun english meaning
de moeder mother
de vader father
het kind child
de jongen boy
het meisje girl
het dier animal
de hond dog
de kat cat
het konijn rabbit
het paard horse

As you can see, there is no any relation with the article with the word, you have to know every article per noun by heart and you must memorize them.

TIP: If you are taking notes while you are studying dutch vocabulary, always write the new dutch noun you are learning with the article.

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02 Personal Pronoun

To make a sentences, we need personal pronouns, which is called in Dutch as "het persoonlijk voornaamwoord".

In the following table, you can see the personal pronouns mapping between Dutch and English;

dutch english
Ik I
Jij You
U You (polite form)
Hij He
Zij She
Wij We
Jullie You (plural)
Zij They

It is quite straightforward and simple. However, this is not the full table. Because unlike in English, there are also some stressed/unstressed forms for some of the personal pronouns.

For "jij", "zij", "wij" only, there are also unstressed forms. You can see the stressed and unstressed version os these three personal pronouns. Also keep in mind that "zij" is both used for "she" and "they". It may sound a little strange however, in later topics, you will see that it is not that hard to understand for which personal pronoun is used for "zij" based on the conjugation of the verb. In this level, if you don't understand it totally, don't panick, you will learn it later.

stressed unstressed english
Jij Je You
Zij Ze She
Wij We We
Zij Ze They

So to gather up, the full list is as below. The unstressed forms are denoted inside the parenthesis;

dutch english
Ik I
Jij (je) You
U You (polite form)
Hij He
Zij (ze) She
Wij (we) We
Jullie You (plural)
Zij (ze) They

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03 The Verb and Verb Conjugation

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