A reproduction and enhancement of paper "FlashRoute: Efficient Traceroute on a Massive Scale" (ACM IMC'20) in Rust. [Slides] [Report]
FlashRoute is a tool to discover network topology, which is specially optimized for full Internet topology discovery. It has high time efficiency in which it can finish the scan over the full IPv4 /24 address space in 7 minutes at probing speed of 200 Kpps, and 17 mins at probing speed of 100 Kpps. It also has high network efficiency, in which it can finish the scan using only 75% of probes used by Scamper and 30% of probes used by Yarrp to finish the same task.
More introductions for FlashRoute can be found in both the paper and the repository.
The original FlashRoute is written in C++14 with Boost and Abseil libraries, which works well but may still be not modern, concise, or safe enough. We reimplement FlashRoute in Rust, a modern system programming language, and name it as flashroute.rs.
Compared to the original implementation, the main features of flashroute.rs are:
- 50% LoC compared to the orginal C++ implementation.
- Safer and extensible low-level network communication through pnet, instead of bare socket API.
- Asynchronous tasks and coroutine scheduling, instead of explicit thread management.
- More utilization of multi-core processors brings probing performance improvements of up to 40% (tested on AMD EPYC 7B12 (8) @ 2.25 GHz).
- More comprehensive thread-safety thanks to the borrow checker of Rust.
- Mutex or rwlock free. All inter-task communications are achieved through message channels or atomic operations.
grainoption and hashmap-based data structure allows richer probing patterns.- Produce human-readable results and even visualization of network topology.
flashroute.rs requires Rust stable toolchain (>= 1.48.0).
- Probe random hosts selected from each /30 (provided by
grain) subnet of202.120.0.0, NIC specification is optionalcargo run --release -- 202.120.0.0/16 --grain 2 [--interface en0]
- Probe random hosts selected from each /24 subnet of
0.0.0.0/0(the internet)cargo run --release -- 0.0.0.0/0 --grain 8
- Probe all hosts of
115.159.2.0/24cargo run --release -- 115.159.2.0/24 --grain 0
- Probe a single host
cargo run --release -- 192.168.1.1/32 --grain 0
- Probe all hosts listed in a file line by line
cargo run --release -- path/to/file --grain 8
- Follow the behavior of the original FlashRoute and only count the internet routers:
cargo run --release -- 0.0.0.0/0 --grain 8 --router-only
Most of the options of original implementation are provided too, run cargo run -- --help to see all possible options.
Listening on ICMP socket requires superuser permission, the flashroute.rs may automatically restart in sudo mode.
Windows users may be required to install pcap library to make it built. However, flashroute.rs has not been tested on Windows yet.
- Yuchen Huang, Michael Rabinovich, and Rami Al-Dalky. 2020. FlashRoute: Efficient Traceroute on a Massive Scale. In ACM Internet Measurement Conference (IMC ’20), October 27–29, 2020, Virtual Event, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 13 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3419394.3423619
- lambdahuang/Flashroute, https://github.com/lambdahuang/FlashRoute
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