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rate-limit's Introduction

Rate Limiter

降级和限流是面对大流量必不可少的神兵利器. 流量控制算法就是通过网络整形或者速率控制来解决此类问题.

流量控制算法

  • 令牌桶算法
  • 漏桶算法

令牌桶算法

  1. 每秒会有 r 个令牌放入桶中，或者说，每过 1/r 秒桶中增加一个令牌
  2. 桶中最多存放 b 个令牌，如果桶满了，新放入的令牌会被丢弃
  3. 当一个 n 字节的数据包到达时，消耗 n 个令牌，然后发送该数据包
  4. 如果桶中可用令牌小于 n，则该数据包将被缓存或丢弃

漏桶算法

  1. 数据被填充到桶中,并以固定速率注入网络中,而不管数据流的突发性
  2. 如果桶是空的,不做任何事情
  3. 主机在每一个时间片向网络注入一个数据包,因此产生一致的数据流

漏桶算法

这两个算法是有区别的: 漏桶算法能够强行限制数据的传输速率,而令牌桶算法在能够限制数据的平均传输速率外,还允许某种程度的突发传输.

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