The phpweb from brian-001

Creating a pure php dashboard styled with Tailwind CSS

Basics

Install PHP using Laragon and follow the prompts ~ if you are on Windows.

You can also use Homebrew to install PHP if you are on Mac or Linux

Install Database Management Tool such as TablePlus. I highly recommend since it has a very awesome features including very nice GUI.

If you are using Vs Code you can install an extension called PHP Server to help you serve the project easily.

Once done, you are free to start your project and Congrats!.

Visit TailwindcssUiComponents and copy the basic HTML code for the dashboard.

You can use Tailwind CDN link or install it. Again, it's a personal preference.

Seperate repetitive files and organise them in a folder such as Partials and use require to call them in the views. These files may include nav file, header file, footer file etc

Organise "HTML like" files in a folder let's say views

All these ensures there is minimal duplication and you stick into DRY Principle

PDO (PHP Data Objects)

PDO is a database access layer providing a uniform method to access multiple databases.

Key Features of PDO

Database Independence: PDO provides a uniform API for accessing various database management systems, such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, and more. This means you can switch between different databases without changing your code significantly.

Prepared Statements: PDO supports prepared statements, which helps prevent SQL injection attacks. Prepared statements separate SQL code from user input, making it more secure.

Error Handling: PDO provides consistent error handling through exception handling. This allows you to catch database-related errors using try-catch blocks, making it easier to handle exceptions in your code.

Transaction Support: PDO supports database transactions, which allows you to group multiple SQL statements into a single transaction. This ensures that either all the statements are executed, or none of them are, providing data integrity.

Example of a PDO code to connect mySQL database

    <?php
        try {
            $pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost dbname=mydatabase", "username", "password");
            $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

            // Perform database operations here

        } catch (PDOException $e) {
            echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
        }
    ?>

PDO provides a clean and consistent way to interact with database in PHP, making it a preferred choice for developers.

DSN (Data Source Name)

In PHP DSN is a string that contains the information required to connect a database.

DSN contains details such as database driver, host, database name, and other connection parameters. DSNs are commonly used when establishing a connection to a database using database-related extensions, such as PDO (PHP Data Objects).

Here is an example of a DSN for connecting to a MySQL database using PDO

$dsn = "mysql:host=localhost;dbname=mydatabase";

When establishing a database connection using PDO or another database extension, you would pass the DSN as an argument to the connection function or constructor. For example:

    try {
        $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $username, $password);
        // Perform database operations here
    } catch (PDOException $e) {
        echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
    }

The following line of code provides the results as an associative array rather than indexed hence removes duplication of results.

$osts = $tatement->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)

Best naming conventions for PHP Class

i. PascalCase or StudlyCaps

Class names should be in PascalCase, also known as StudlyCaps Start each word with a capital letter, without underscores or dashes Example: MyClass, DatabaseConnection, UserModel A file that only contain a class should have its' name in PascalCase ie Database.php

ii. Namespace Prefix

If your project uses namespaces (which is a good practice), include a namespace prefix that corresponds to the project or vendor Example: namespace MyProject; class MyClass { /*...*/ }

iii. Singular Noun

Use a singular noun for class names to represent a single instance of the concept the class represents. Example: Car, User, Post.

iv. Descriptive and Clear

Choose a name that clearly describes the purpose or responsibility of the class. Avoid overly abbreviated or unclear names Example: HttpRequestHandler instead of HttpRH , UserProfile instead of UserProf

v. Avoid Acronyms

Minimize the use of acronyms, and if used, capitalize them consistently Example: XmlParser instead of XMLParser, HttpConnector instead of HTTPConnector

vi. Avoid Underscores

Avoid using underscores in class names. Use PascalCase instead. Example: MyClass instead of My_Class , DatabaseConnection instead of Database_Connection

Scope Resolution Operator ( :: )

Scope resolution operator is used to access static methods or constants, as well as overridden properties or methods in a class. It allows you to access elements of a class without creating an instance of that class.

For example, if you have a static method or constant in a class, you can access it using the scope resolution operator:

    class MyClass {
        const MY_CONSTANT = 10;

        public static function myStaticMethod() {
            return "Static method called.";
        }
    }

    // Accessing a constant
    echo MyClass::MY_CONSTANT; // Output: 10

    // Calling a static method
    echo MyClass::myStaticMethod(); // Output: Static method called.

`PDO::FETCH_ASSOC` in the context of PHP's PDO (PHP Data Objects) extension, it is used as part of the fetch method to specify the fetch style. `PDO::FETCH_ASSOC` is one of the fetch styles available in PDO and is used to fetch a row as an associative array.

Here's an example of using `PDO::FETCH_ASSOC` with PDO

// Assuming you have a PDO connection $pdo

$query = $pdo->prepare("SELECT column1, column2 FROM my_table");
$query->execute();

// Fetch a row as an associative array
$result = $query->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

print_r($result);

In this example, the fetch method is used to retrieve a single row from the result set. `PDO::FETCH_ASSOC` specifies that the row should be fetched as an associative array where column names are used as keys. The fetched result will look like an associative array:

    Array (
        "column1" => "value1",
        "column2" => "value2"
    )

Other fetch styles include `PDO::FETCH_OBJ` for fetching as objects and `PDO::FETCH_NUM` for fetching as a numerically indexed array, among others. The choice of fetch style depends on the desired format of the fetched data.

SQL Injection

Never inline user data into a query string for instance: `$query = "select * from posts where id = {$id}";` Instead use, `$query = "select * form posts where id = ?"`

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