The 112834 from alooka1

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This is the readme for the Nucleus Accumbens MSP Cell model from:

Wolf JA, Moyer JT, Lazarewicz MT, Contreras D, Benoit-Marand M,
O'Donnell P, Finkel LH (2005) NMDA/AMPA ratio impacts state
transitions and entrainment to oscillations in a computational model
of the nucleus accumbens medium spiny projection neuron. J Neurosci
25(40): 9080-9095.

Abstract:

We describe a computational model of the principal cell in the nucleus
accumbens (NAcb), the medium spiny projection (MSP) neuron. The model
neuron, constructed in NEURON, includes all of the known ionic
currents in these cells and receives synaptic input from simulated
spike trains via NMDA, AMPA, and GABAA receptors. After tuning the
model by adjusting maximal current conductances in each compartment,
the model cell closely matched whole-cell recordings from an adult rat
NAcb slice preparation. Synaptic inputs in the range of 1000-1300 Hz
are required to maintain an "up" state in the model. Cell firing in
the model required concurrent depolarization of several dendritic
branches, which responded independently to afferent
input. Depolarization from action potentials traveled to the tips of
the dendritic branches and increased Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated
Ca2+ channels. As NMDA/AMPA current ratios were increased, the
membrane showed an increase in hysteresis of "up" and "down" state
dwell times, but intrinsic bistability was not observed. The number of
oscillatory inputs required to entrain the model cell was determined
to be approximately 20% of the "up" state inputs. Altering the
NMDA/AMPA ratio had a profound effect on processing of afferent input,
including the ability to entrain to oscillations in afferent input in
the theta range (4-12 Hz). These results suggest that afferent
information integration by the NAcb MSP cell may be compromised by
pathology in which the NMDA current is altered or modulated, as has
been proposed in both schizophrenia and addiction.

Usage:
1. Compile the mod files in the directory by invoking nrnivmodl
(unix/linux)or dragging the folder to mknrndll (Mac OS X), or running
mknrndll and changing directory to the expanded folder and making the
nrnmech.dll (mswin).

2. Run the model by typing "nrngui mosinit.hoc" (unix/linux), or
dropping mosinit.hoc on the nrngui (MAC OS X), or double clicking the
mosinit.hoc file (mswin).  The default run will be a current injection
evoking one action potential from the model.This reproduces a trace in
Fig 1D where the injected current=0.248 nA.  If you would like, you
can change the current to 0.271 nA in the PointProcessManager window
by selecting Show->Parameters and typing the new value under amp.  If
you select Keep Lines in the graph window and rerun, after changing
the color of the new trace to black you should get the following
graph:

<img src="./screenshot.jpg" alt="screenshot">

3. In order to generate an up and down state, turn on "play netstims"
at the bottom of the cell settings window.  Then hit init and run
again, and you should get the response to the preprogrammed afferent
input.  The window size should be reset to 2000 msec for this run:

<img src="./screenshot2.jpg" alt="screenshot2">

These model files were supplied by John Wolf.

20120131 cadyn.mod caldyn.mof solve methods updated to derivimplicit
from euler as per
http://www.neuron.yale.edu/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=592
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