agungfazrulhaq / kubernetes-single-node Goto Github PK

This guide provides detailed steps to install Kubernetes on your system. Please follow the instructions below to set up Kubernetes successfully.

Before installing Kubernetes, ensure that you have the following prerequisites:

• Ubuntu operating system (Ubuntu 22.04*)
• Access to the internet
• Administrative privileges (sudo)
• Range of IP address for service (192.5.0.0/16*) *tested on

Run the following commands to install Docker:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg make
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

Explanation:

• The first two commands update the package lists and install the necessary tools for the installation process.
• The next command creates a directory for Docker's GPG key.
• The curl command downloads the Docker GPG key and saves it in the keyrings directory.
• The chmod command changes the permissions of the GPG key file.
• The echo command adds the Docker repository to the system's package sources.
• The apt-get update command updates the package lists to include the Docker repository.
• Finally, the apt-get install command installs Docker and its dependencies.

Follow these steps to install the CRI-DOCKERD container runtime:

git clone https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd.git

# Install Go
wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.20.5.linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/go && sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.20.5.linux-amd64.tar.gz
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin
go version

cd cri-dockerd
sudo apt install make
make cri-dockerd
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/bin
sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 cri-dockerd /usr/local/bin/cri-dockerd
sudo install packaging/systemd/* /etc/systemd/system
sudo sed -i -e 's,/usr/bin/cri-dockerd,/usr/local/bin/cri-dockerd,' /etc/systemd/system/cri-docker.service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable cri-docker.service
sudo systemctl enable --now cri-docker.socket

# Disable swap
sudo sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab
sudo swapoff -a

sudo modprobe overlay
sudo modprobe br_netfilter
sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf <<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF

Explanation:

• The git clone command clones the CRI-DOCKERD repository from GitHub.
• The following commands download and install Go, a programming language required for building CRI-DOCKERD.
• The cd command changes the directory to the cri-dockerd folder.
• The make cri-dockerd command builds the cri-dockerd binary.
• The next set of commands install cri-dockerd and configure it as a systemd service.
• The systemctl commands enable and start the cri-dockerd service.
• The swap is disabled to ensure Kubernetes runs optimally.
• The modprobe commands load required kernel modules.
• The tee command creates a Kubernetes configuration file to set necessary sysctl parameters.

Execute the following commands to install Kubernetes:

curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt -y install vim git curl wget kubelet=1.25.0-00 kubeadm=1.25.0-00 kubectl=1.25.0-00
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl
sudo kubeadm config images pull --cri-socket unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock --kubernetes-version v1.25.0
sudo kubeadm init --cri-socket unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock --kubernetes-version v1.25.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.215.0.0/16 --upload-certs --control-plane-endpoint=192.168.1.51
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
sudo chmod 644 /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
kubectl cluster-info
kubectl taint nodes master node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane-
apt-get install bash-completion
kubectl completion bash | sudo tee /etc/bash_completion.d/kubectl > /dev/null

Explanation:

• The curl command fetches the Kubernetes repository's GPG key and adds it to the system's keyring.
• The echo command appends the Kubernetes repository to the system's package sources.
• The apt update command updates the package lists to include the Kubernetes repository.
• The subsequent apt command installs the necessary Kubernetes components, including kubelet, kubeadm, and kubectl.
• The apt-mark hold command prevents these packages from being automatically updated.
• The kubeadm config images pull command pulls the necessary container images required for Kubernetes.
• The export command sets the KUBECONFIG environment variable to the Kubernetes configuration file location.
• The chmod command updates the permissions of the Kubernetes configuration file.
• The kubectl cluster-info command verifies the Kubernetes cluster's information.
• The kubectl taint command removes a taint from the master node to allow scheduling regular pods.
• The final commands install bash completion for kubectl, enabling convenient command line autocompletion.

To install Calico, a CNI (Container Network Interface), perform the following steps:

kubectl create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectcalico/calico/v3.26.1/manifests/tigera-operator.yaml
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectcalico/calico/v3.26.1/manifests/custom-resources.yaml -O
nano custom-resources.yaml
# Edit the "cidr" value in the "calicoNetwork" section to match your subnet network for pods

kubectl apply -f custom-resources.yaml

Explanation:

• The kubectl create command deploys the Tigera operator for Calico.
• The curl command downloads the custom resources YAML file required for configuring Calico.
• Use a text editor, such as nano, to edit the downloaded YAML file and set the desired CIDR value for the Calico network.
• The kubectl apply command applies the custom resources

configuration to install and configure Calico.

To set up NFS Provisioning, follow the steps below:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nfs-kernel-server nfs-common
sudo mkdir -p /nfskubernetes
ls -dl /nfskubernetes
sudo chown nobody:nogroup /nfskubernetes
sudo nano /etc/exports
# Add the following line to /etc/exports:
# /nfskubernetes 192.168.1.75(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash)

sudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server
sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.75 to any port nfs

curl https://baltocdn.com/helm/signing.asc | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/helm.gpg > /dev/null
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https --yes
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/helm.gpg] https://baltocdn.com/helm/stable/debian/ all main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/helm-stable-debian.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install helm

helm repo add nfs-subdir-external-provisioner https://kubernetes-sigs.github.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner/
helm install nfs-subdir-external-provisioner nfs-subdir-external-provisioner/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner \
    --set nfs.server=x.x.x.x \
    --set nfs.path=/exported/path

kubectl get sc
kubectl patch storageclass nfs-client -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"true"}}}'

Explanation:

• The first commands update the package lists and install the necessary packages for NFS server and client.
• The mkdir command creates a directory for the NFS share.
• The subsequent commands configure the NFS server by adjusting permissions and adding the NFS share to the exports file.
• The systemctl command restarts the NFS server.
• The firewall (UFW) is configured to allow incoming NFS traffic.
• The next set of commands installs Helm, a package manager for Kubernetes.
• The helm repo add command adds the NFS Subdir External Provisioner Helm repository.
• The helm install command deploys the NFS Subdir External Provisioner using the provided NFS server and path.
• The kubectl commands verify the installed storage class and patch the NFS storage class to be the default.

Congratulations! You have successfully installed Kubernetes on your system.

For more detailed information and further configurations, you can refer to the following references:

• Kubernetes Documentation
• CRI-DOCKERD GitHub Repository
• Go Installation Guide
• Docker Installation Guide
• Calico Getting Started Guide
• NFS Subdir External Provisioner GitHub Repository
• Helm Installation Guide
• Calico Self-Managed On-Premises Guide

Feel free to explore these resources for more information and configuration options.