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odoucet avatar odoucet commented on July 23, 2024 1

Rocky9 :

$ ipcalc --version
ipcalc 1.0.0
$ ipcalc "104.154.0.0-104.155.255.255"
ipcalc: bad IPv4 address: 104.154.0.0-104.155.255.255

IPCalc 1.0.1 (compiled from sources) :

$ ./ipcalc "104.154.0.0-104.155.255.255"
ipcalc: bad IPv4 address: 104.154.0.0-104.155.255.255

Same with 104.154.0.0 - 104.155.255.255.

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nitefood avatar nitefood commented on July 23, 2024

Hi @odoucet, I cannot seem to reproduce the issue locally. Output works fine here, for that same AS:

immagine

What is happening on your side is either a wrong or mangled response from the RIPE whois server while querying INETNUM objects for the target AS prefixes, or ipcalc failing to resolve the INETNUM objects into CIDR prefixes.

Please paste this into your terminal: echo "inetnum: 104.154.0.0 - 104.155.255.255" | awk '{print $2"-"$4}' | xargs ipcalc -r | tail -n1

If the output is 104.154.0.0/15, then I guess something is happening with RIPE's whois server, and a good first step would be to try the tool on another Internet connection to see if it has to do with that.

If the output isn't that, then you should likely see an error generated by ipcalc, and we can proceed from there.

Also, please specify your OS and ipcalc version and make sure you use the latest available asn version

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odoucet avatar odoucet commented on July 23, 2024

Hello,
Thank you for the quick feedback !

It appears ipcalc is unable to compute CIDR :

$ echo "inetnum: 104.154.0.0 - 104.155.255.255" | awk '{print $2"-"$4}' | xargs ipcalc -r | tail -n1
ipcalc: bad IPv4 prefix: 104.154.0.0-104.155.255.255

$ ipcalc -v
ipcalc 0.2.4

$ cat /etc/centos-release
Rocky Linux release 8.6 (Green Obsidian)

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odoucet avatar odoucet commented on July 23, 2024

Moreover, -r option seems unsuitable with what my ipcalc version does :

ipcalc --help
Usage: ipcalc [OPTION...]
  -c, --check                     Validate IP address
  -r, --random-private=PREFIX     Generate a random private IP network using
  -S, --split=PREFIX              Split the provided network using the
                                  provided prefix/netmask
  -i, --info                      Print information on the provided IP address
                                  (default)
      --all-info                  Print verbose information on the provided IP
                                  address
      --reverse-dns               Print network in a the reverse DNS format
  -4, --ipv4                      Explicitly specify the IPv4 address family
  -6, --ipv6                      Explicitly specify the IPv6 address family

Specific info options:
  -b, --broadcast                 Display calculated broadcast address
  -m, --netmask                   Display netmask for IP
  -n, --network                   Display network address
  -p, --prefix                    Display network prefix
      --minaddr                   Display the minimum address in the network
      --maxaddr                   Display the maximum address in the network
      --addresses                 Display the maximum number of addresses in
                                  the network
      --addrspace                 Display the address space the network
                                  resides on
  -h, --hostname                  Show hostname determined via DNS
  -o, --lookup-host=STRING        Show IP as determined via DNS
  -g, --geoinfo                   Show Geographic information about the
                                  provided IP

Other options:
      --class-prefix              When specified the default prefix will be determined
                                  by the IPv4 address class
      --no-decorate               Print only the requested information
  -s, --silent                    Don't ever display error messages
  -v, --version                   Display program version
  -?, --help                      Show this help message
      --usage                     Display brief usage message

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odoucet avatar odoucet commented on July 23, 2024

Upgrading to Rocky Linux 9 that gives package ipcalc-1.0.0-5.el9.x86_64 adds a new feature :

  -d, --deagrregate=IP1-IP2       Deaggregate the provided address range

Editing "asn" program and using ipcalc -d instead of ipcalc -r makes it work again :)

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nitefood avatar nitefood commented on July 23, 2024

Ok so this is somewhat related to #21 ... apparently the history of ipcalc is rather convoluted, with this fork on Gitlab being the norm on Redhat-based (I think it's a C rewrite that implemented deaggregation further down the road, as you found out), while the Perl original (also forked on Github) being shipped with Ubuntu and (I guess) Debian-based. I'm not a Rocky user myself, but perhaps @robert-scheck can assist here to suggest a consistent way to have a one-size-fits-all ipcalc under all mentioned distros. Will leave this issue open for another while, and if nothing can be done I'll remove Rocky from the compatibility list in the README.

Thanks for reporting your findings!

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odoucet avatar odoucet commented on July 23, 2024

We may issue an "ipcalc --help" at the beginning of the program to check which flag to use (-d or -r). I may provide a pull request if you are OK with that kind of check.

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robert-scheck avatar robert-scheck commented on July 23, 2024

From what I can see, we have:

ipcalc from initscripts v9.49.53:

$ ipcalc --help
Usage: ipcalc [OPTION...]
  -c, --check         Validate IP address for specified address family
  -4, --ipv4          IPv4 address family (default)
  -6, --ipv6          IPv6 address family
  -b, --broadcast     Display calculated broadcast address
  -h, --hostname      Show hostname determined via DNS
  -m, --netmask       Display default netmask for IP (class A, B, or C)
  -n, --network       Display network address
  -p, --prefix        Display network prefix
  -s, --silent        Don't ever display error messages

Help options:
  -?, --help          Show this help message
  --usage             Display brief usage message
$

ipcalc v.0.2.4:

$ ipcalc --help
Usage: ipcalc [OPTION...]
  -c, --check                     Validate IP address
  -r, --random-private=PREFIX     Generate a random private IP network using
  -S, --split=PREFIX              Split the provided network using the
                                  provided prefix/netmask
  -i, --info                      Print information on the provided IP address
                                  (default)
      --all-info                  Print verbose information on the provided IP
                                  address
      --reverse-dns               Print network in a the reverse DNS format
  -4, --ipv4                      Explicitly specify the IPv4 address family
  -6, --ipv6                      Explicitly specify the IPv6 address family

Specific info options:
  -b, --broadcast                 Display calculated broadcast address
  -m, --netmask                   Display netmask for IP
  -n, --network                   Display network address
  -p, --prefix                    Display network prefix
      --minaddr                   Display the minimum address in the network
      --maxaddr                   Display the maximum address in the network
      --addresses                 Display the maximum number of addresses in
                                  the network
      --addrspace                 Display the address space the network
                                  resides on
  -h, --hostname                  Show hostname determined via DNS
  -o, --lookup-host=STRING        Show IP as determined via DNS
  -g, --geoinfo                   Show Geographic information about the
                                  provided IP

Other options:
      --class-prefix              When specified the default prefix will be determined
                                  by the IPv4 address class
      --no-decorate               Print only the requested information
  -s, --silent                    Don't ever display error messages
  -v, --version                   Display program version
  -?, --help                      Show this help message
      --usage                     Display brief usage message
$

ipcalc v1.0.0:

$ ipcalc --help
Usage: ipcalc [OPTION...]
  -c, --check                     Validate IP address
  -r, --random-private=PREFIX     Generate a random private IP network using
                                  the supplied prefix or mask.
  -S, --split=PREFIX              Split the provided network using the
                                  provided prefix/netmask
  -d, --deagrregate=IP1-IP2       Deaggregate the provided address range
  -i, --info                      Print information on the provided IP address
                                  (default)
      --all-info                  Print verbose information on the provided IP
                                  address

Specific info options:
      --reverse-dns               Print network in a the reverse DNS format
  -a, --address                   Display IP address
  -b, --broadcast                 Display calculated broadcast address
  -m, --netmask                   Display netmask for IP
  -n, --network                   Display network address
  -p, --prefix                    Display network prefix
      --minaddr                   Display the minimum address in the network
      --maxaddr                   Display the maximum address in the network
      --addresses                 Display the maximum number of addresses in
                                  the network
      --addrspace                 Display the address space the network
                                  resides on
  -h, --hostname                  Show hostname determined via DNS
  -o, --lookup-host=STRING        Show IP as determined via DNS
  -g, --geoinfo                   Show Geographic information about the
                                  provided IP

Other options:
  -4, --ipv4                      Explicitly specify the IPv4 address family
  -6, --ipv6                      Explicitly specify the IPv6 address family
      --class-prefix              When specified the default prefix will be determined
                                  by the IPv4 address class
      --no-decorate               Print only the requested information
  -j, --json                      JSON output
  -s, --silent                    Don't ever display error messages
  -v, --version                   Display program version
  -?, --help                      Show this help message
      --usage                     Display brief usage message
$

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robert-scheck avatar robert-scheck commented on July 23, 2024

Please paste this into your terminal: echo "inetnum: 104.154.0.0 - 104.155.255.255" | awk '{print $2"-"$4}' | xargs ipcalc -r | tail -n1

Well…what does Jodies (Debian/Ubuntu) ipcalc actually say to the following?

  • echo "inetnum: 185.81.68.0 - 185.81.68.254" | awk '{print $2"-"$4}' | xargs ipcalc -r | tail -n1
  • echo "inetnum: 185.81.68.255 - 185.81.68.255" | awk '{print $2"-"$4}' | xargs ipcalc -r | tail -n1

Ok so this is somewhat related to #21 ... apparently the history of ipcalc is rather convoluted, with this fork on Gitlab being the norm on Redhat-based (I think it's a C rewrite that implemented deaggregation further down the road, as you found out), while the Perl original (also forked on Github) being shipped with Ubuntu and (I guess) Debian-based.

No, Red Hat ipcalc is IMHO not a fork or C rewrite of Jodies (Debian/Ubuntu) ipcalc. Jodies ipcalc dates back to about 2000-09-25 with v0.15, while Red Hat ipcalc (as part of initscripts v5.22) dates clearly back to 1998-03-10. When comparing the feature sets of the early versions, they IMHO just co-existed with the same name.

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odoucet avatar odoucet commented on July 23, 2024 
docker run --rm --net=host -ti ubuntu bash
root@docker-desktop:/# echo "inetnum: 185.81.68.0 - 185.81.68.254" | awk '{print $2"-"$4}' | xargs ipcalc -r | tail -n1
185.81.68.254/32
root@docker-desktop:/# echo "inetnum: 185.81.68.255 - 185.81.68.255" | awk '{print $2"-"$4}' | xargs ipcalc -r | tail -n1
185.81.68.255/32
root@docker-desktop:/# cat /etc/debian_version
bookworm/sid
root@docker-desktop:/# ipcalc --help

IP Calculator 0.5

Enter your netmask(s) in CIDR notation (/25) or dotted decimals
(255.255.255.0). Inverse netmask are recognized. If you mmit the
netmask, ipcalc uses the default netmask for the class of your
network.

Look at the space between the bits of the addresses: The bits before
it are the network part of the address, the bits after it are the host
part. You can see two simple facts: In a network address all host bits
are zero, in a broadcast address they are all set.

The class of your network is determined by its first bits.

If your network is a private internet according to RFC 1918 this is
remarked. When displaying subnets the new bits in the network part of
the netmask are marked in a different color.

The wildcard is the inverse netmask as used for access control lists
in Cisco routers. You can also enter netmasks in wildcard notation.

Do you want to split your network into subnets? Enter the address and
netmask of your original network and play with the second netmask
until the result matches your needs.

Questions? Comments? Drop me a mail: krischan at jodies.de
http://jodies.de/ipcalc

Thanks for your nice ideas and help to make this tool more useful:

Bartosz Fenski
Denis A. Hainsworth
Foxfair Hu
Frank Quotschalla
Hermann J. Beckers
Igor Zozulya
Kevin Ivory
Lars Mueller
Lutz Pressler
Oliver Seufer
Scott Davis
Steve Kent
Sven Anderson
Torgen Foertsch
Edward
Nick Clifford
Victor Engmark

Usage: ipcalc [options] <ADDRESS>[[/]<NETMASK>] [NETMASK]

ipcalc takes an IP address and netmask and calculates the resulting
broadcast, network, Cisco wildcard mask, and host range. By giving a
second netmask, you can design sub- and supernetworks. It is also
intended to be a teaching tool and presents the results as
easy-to-understand binary values.

 -n --nocolor  Don't display ANSI color codes.
 -c --color    Display ANSI color codes (default).
 -b --nobinary Suppress the bitwise output.
 -c --class    Just print bit-count-mask of given address.
 -h --html     Display results as HTML (not finished in this version).
 -v --version  Print Version.
 -s --split n1 n2 n3
               Split into networks of size n1, n2, n3.
 -r --range    Deaggregate address range.
    --help     Longer help text.

Examples:

ipcalc 192.168.0.1/24
ipcalc 192.168.0.1/255.255.128.0
ipcalc 192.168.0.1 255.255.128.0 255.255.192.0
ipcalc 192.168.0.1 0.0.63.255


ipcalc <ADDRESS1> - <ADDRESS2>  deaggregate address range

ipcalc <ADDRESS>/<NETMASK> --s a b c
                                split network to subnets
                                where a b c fits in.

! New HTML support not yet finished.

ipcalc 0.5

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nitefood avatar nitefood commented on July 23, 2024

Well…what does Jodies (Debian/Ubuntu) ipcalc actually say to the following?

* `echo "inetnum: 185.81.68.0 - 185.81.68.254" | awk '{print $2"-"$4}' | xargs ipcalc -r | tail -n1`

* `echo "inetnum: 185.81.68.255 - 185.81.68.255" | awk '{print $2"-"$4}' | xargs ipcalc -r | tail -n1`

The output for the first range is misleading, since ipcalc here will report all the prefixes required to "fill up" that IP range:

185.81.68.0/25
185.81.68.128/26
185.81.68.192/27
185.81.68.224/28
185.81.68.240/29
185.81.68.248/30
185.81.68.252/31
185.81.68.254/32

but of course, the tail -n1 part will cut you only the last line, and the output would be 185.81.68.254/32. But that's not going to happen with INETNUM objects, since you'd have a .255 last octet, not .254 if the range was a /24.

The output for the second range is 185.81.68.255/32, which this time is correct.

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robert-scheck avatar robert-scheck commented on July 23, 2024

But that's not going to happen with INETNUM objects, since you'd have a .255 last octet, not .254 if the range was a /24.

Then I would like to suggest kindly to perform a whois lookup for this IPv4 network, even it's outside of the scope of this issue.

The way of checking ipcalc --help during run-time to identify the ipcalc implementation and version, as suggested by @odoucet, seems to be the only option, from my point of view.

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nitefood avatar nitefood commented on July 23, 2024

Then I would like to suggest kindly to perform a whois lookup for this IPv4 network, even it's outside of the scope of this issue.

that is indeed out of the scope of this issue, anyway:

> whois -h whois.ripe.net -- "-T inetnum -K -L --resource 185.81.68.0"
[...]
inetnum:        185.81.68.0 - 185.81.68.255

inetnum:        185.81.68.0 - 185.81.68.254

> whois -h whois.ripe.net -- "-T inetnum -K -L --resource 185.81.68.255"
[...]
inetnum:        185.81.68.0 - 185.81.68.255

inetnum:        185.81.68.255 - 185.81.68.255

as you can see the reference INETNUM in both cases is 185.81.68.0 - 185.81.68.255, which is exactly what I meant by "it's gonna have a .255 if it's a /24". The fact that anyone can make up internal divisions for their network and create an INETNUM object for them, doesn't make them a valid prefix, nor a routable one. Infact, this ISP is not going to be able to route 185.81.68.0 - 185.81.68.254 no matter how hard they try: it can't be made into a single, atomic CIDR prefix, and that means it only exists in their internal "division" scope, not globally on any other router. My point being any valid routable prefix appearing "in the wild" won't be affected by ipcalc's behavior (which is to fill up IP ranges by using multiple CIDR prefixes if necessary). Hope I could explain myself clearly.

The way of checking ipcalc --help during run-time to identify the ipcalc implementation and version, as suggested by @odoucet, seems to be the only option, from my point of view.

Ok thanks a lot for your input, I'll consider it!

from asn.

nitefood avatar nitefood commented on July 23, 2024

Just found out that running ipcalc 104.154.0.0 - 104.155.255.255 (i.e. without any option) automatically detects the IP range and deaggregates it on v0.41 (Jodies).

Can you guys please try running the same command on your ipcalc version? Maybe it could be a viable solution for all implementations to converge (i.e. without specifying -d or -r). Of course this doesn't solve the Rocky 8 problem (ipcalc there not having the feature at all), I guess Rocky 9 should be specified in the README.

from asn.

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