A Hilbert curve (also known as a Hilbert space-filling curve) is a continuous fractal space-filling curve first described by the German mathematician David Hilbert in 1891. -Wikipedia. See 1Blue1Brown's youtube video for an explanation and visualization.
This is an implementation of the algorithm for a standard 24 or 32 bit bitmap. To compile and run:
$ gcc traverse.c dibdump.c headers/dibdump.h -o traverse
$ traverse